Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Recognizing the Involvement of Satisfaction in Nurturing Habits of Travel Mode Use

  • Published:
International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Although the pivotal role of satisfaction in explaining travel behavior proposed is well studied in the literature, there is still an underexplored link between satisfaction and travel habits. This study addresses the missing link between satisfaction and habits in travel mode use. Our theoretical elaboration suggests an indirect association between satisfaction and habits through the involvement of the interaction between satisfaction and frequency of mode use repetition. Two hypotheses are developed. The first hypothesis assumes that the interaction between satisfaction and mode use frequency is the factor that significantly positively affects travel mode use habits. The second hypothesis assumes that time is the factor that strengthens the relative role of the automatic motives over the reasoned motives in deciding travel mode use. A series of structural equation modelling analyses based on 887 individual data of a questionnaire survey, covering three travel modes (motorcycle, car and bus), showed support to the hypotheses. This allows us to suggest an indirect association between satisfaction and habits through the involvement of the interaction between satisfaction and frequency of choice repetition. Findings of this study are important to the field as they are touching one of the key issues in travel mode use studies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

Data can be conditionally provided uppon requests.

References

  1. Aarts, H., Paulussen, T., Schaalma, H.: Physical exercise habit: on the conceptualization and formation of habitual health behaviours. Health Educ. Res. 12(3), 363–374 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Abou-Zeid, M., Fujii, S.: Travel satisfaction effects of changes in public transport usage. Transportation 43(2), 301–314 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Abou-Zeid, M., Witter, R., Bierlaire, M., Kaufmann, V., Ben-Akiva, M.: Happiness and travel mode switching: Findings from a Swiss public transportation experiment. Transp. Policy 19(1), 93–104 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ajzen, I., Fishbein, M.: Attitudes and the attitude-behavior relation: Reasoned and automatic processes. In: Stroebe, W., Hewstone, M. (eds.) European review of social psychology, pp. 1–33. Wiley, Chichester (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ajzen, I.: The theory of planned behavior. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 50(2), 179–211 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ajzen, I.: Nature and operation of attitudes. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 52, 27–58 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ajzen, I.: Residual effects of past on later behavior: Habituation and reasoned action perspectives. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 6, 107–122 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Bagozzi, R., Yi, Y.: Specification, evaluation, and interpretation of structural equation models. J. Acad. Mark. Sci. 40(1), 8–34 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Bamberg, S., Schmidt, P.: Incentives, morality, or habit? Predicting student’s car use for university routes with the models of Ajzen, Schwartz, and Triandis. Environ. Behav. 35, 264–285 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Barkowsky, T., Knauff, M., Ligozat, G., Montello, D.R.: Spatial Cognition V: Reasoning, Action. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Interaction (2007)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  11. Barrett, L.F.: How emotions are made: The secret life of the brain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, New York (2017). (ISBN 978-1-5098-3750-2)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Beirão, G., Cabral, J.A.S.: Understanding attitudes towards public transport and private car: a qualitative study. Transp. Policy 14(6), 478–489 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Berry, L.L., Parasuraman, A.: Marketing services: competing through quality. Free Press, New York (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Breckler, S.J.: Empirical validation of affect, behavior, and cognition as distinct components of attitude. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 47(6), 1191–1205 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Cao, X.: The association between light rail transit and satisfactions with travel and life: evidence from Twin Cities. Transportation 40, 921–933 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Cheung, F., Lucas, R.E.: Assessing the validity of single-item life satisfaction measures: results from three large samples. Qual. Life Res.: Int. J. Qual. Life Asp. Treat. Care Rehab. 23(10), 2809–2818 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Corvec, S.S., Zhao, J.: Transport and emotion: How neurosciences could open a new research field. Travel Behav. Soc. 20, 12–21 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. de Oña, J., de Oña, R., Eboli, L., Mazzulla, G.: Perceived service quality in bus transit service: A structural equation approach. Transp. Policy 29, 219–226 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. De Vos, J.: Do people travel with their preferred travel mode? Analysing the extent of travel mode dissonance and its effect on travel satisfaction. Transp. Res. Part A 117, 261–274 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  20. De Vos, J.: Satisfaction-induced travel behavior. Transp. Res. Part A 63, 12–21 (2019)

  21. De Vos, J., Mokhtarian, P.L., Schwanen, T., Van Acker, V., Witlox, F.: Travel mode choice and travel satisfaction: bridging the gap between decision utility and experienced utility. Transportation 43(5), 771–796 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. DeVos, J., Witlox, F.: Travel satisfaction revisited. On the pivotal role of travelsatisfaction in conceptualising a travel behaviour process. Transp. Res. Part A: Policy Pract. 106, 364–373 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Paul, E.S., Sher, S., Tamietto, P., Winkielman, P., Mendl, M.T.: Towards a comparative science of emotion: affect and consciousness in humans and animals. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 108, 749–770 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Eagly, A.H., Chaiken, S.: The psychology of attitudes. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Orlando (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ettema, D., Gärling, T., Eriksson, L., Friman, M., Olsson, L.E., Fujii, S.: Satisfaction with travel and subjective well-being: development and test of a measurement tool. Transp. Res. Part F 14(3), 167–175 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Feather, N.T. (ed.): Erlbaum, Hillsdale (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Fishbein, M., Ajzen, I.: Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: an introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Friedrichsmeier, T., Matthies, E., Klockner, C.A.: Explaining stability in travel mode choice: An empirical comparison of two concepts of habit. Transp. Res. Part F 16, 1–13 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Fujii, S., Gärling, T.: Application of attitude theory for improved predictive accuracy of stated preference methods in travel demand analysis. Transp. Res. Part A 37(4), 389–402 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Fujii, S., Garling, T.: Role and acquisition of car use habit. In: Garling, T., Steg, L. (eds.) Threats from car traffic to the quality of urban life. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Gardner, B.: Modelling motivation and habit in stable travel mode contexts. Transp. Res. Part F 12, 68–76 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Gardner, B.: A review and analysis of the use of “habit” in understanding, predicting and influencing health-related behaviour. Health Psychol. Rev. 9, 277–295 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Garling, T., Fujii, S., Boe, O.: Empirical tests of a model of determinants of script-based driving choice. Transp. Res. Part F 4, 89–102 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Gatersleben, B.: Affective and symbolic aspects of car use. In: Garling, T., Steg, L. (eds.) Threats from car traffic to the quality of urban life: problems, causes, and solutions, pp. 219–233. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  35. Gluck, M.A., Mercado, E., Myers, C.E.: Learning and memory: from brain to behavior. Worth Publishers, New York (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Gurumurthy, K.M., Kockelman, K.M.: Modeling Americans’ autonomous vehicle preferences: A focus on dynamic ride-sharing, privacy & long-distance mode choices. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 150, 119792 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Haddock, G., Zanna, M.P.: Assessing the impact of affective and cognitive information in predicting attitudes toward capital punishment. Law Hum. Behav. 22, 325–339 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Haggar, P., Whitmarsh, L., Skippon, S.M.: Impacts of personalized accessibility information on residential location choice and travel behavior. Transp. Res. Part F 64, 1–13 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E.: Multivariate data analysis, 7th edn. Pearson Education Limited (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Han, H., Kim, Y., Kim, E.K.: Cognitive, affective, conative, and action loyalty: Testing the impact of inertia. Int. J. Hosp. Manag. 30, 1008–1019 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Hoang-Tung, N., Kojima, A., Kubota, H.: Transformation from intentions to habits in travel behavior: An awareness of a mediated form of intention. Transp. Res. Part F 49, 226–235 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Hoang-Tung, N., Kubota, H.: Application of attitude theory for identifying the effects of non-attendance attributes in stated choice surveys. Travel Behav. Soc. 12, 64–71 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Hoang-Tung, N., Linh, N.H., Cuong, H.V., Binh, P.L., Takeda, S., Kato, H.: Ride-hailing service adoption and local context in motorcycle-based societies: case study in Hanoi, Vietnam. Sustainability 14(2), 728 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Iacobucci, D., Schneider, M.J., Popovich, D.L., Bakamitsos, G.A.: Mean centering helps alleviate “micro” but not “macro” multicollinearity. Behav. Res. Methods 48, 1308–1317 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Isaac, R.K., Velden, V.: The German source market perceptions: how risky is Turkey to travel to? Int. J. Tour. Cities 4(4), 429–451 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Kahneman, D., Krueger, A.B.: Developments in the measurement of subjective well-being. J. Econ. Perspect. 20(1), 3–24 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Katz, D.: The functional approach to the study of attitudes. Public Opin. Q. 24(2), 163–204 (1960)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Kroesen, M., Chorus, C.: The role of general and specific attitudes in predicting travel behavior – A fatal dilemma? Travel Behav. Soc. 10, 33–41 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Lai, W.T., Chen, C.F.: Behavioral intentions of public transit passengers – the roles of service quality, perceived value, satisfaction and involvement. Trans. Policy. 18, 318–325 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Lally, P., Gardner, B.: Promoting habit formation. Health Psychol. Rev. 7(sup1), S137–S158 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Lazarus, R.S., Kanner, A.D., Folkman, S.: Emotions: A cognitive-phenomenological analysis. In: Plutchik, R., Kellerman, H. (eds.) Theories of emotion, pp. 189-217 424. Academic Press, Elsevier, New York (1980)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  52. Lind, H.B., Nordfjærn, T., Jørgensen, S.H., Rundmo, T.: The value-belief-norm theory, personal norms and sustainable travel mode choice in urban areas. J. Environ. Psychol. 44, 119–125 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Mao, Z., Ettema, D., Dijst, M.: Commuting trip satisfaction in Beijing: exploring the influence of multimodal behavior and modal flexibility. Transp. Res. Part A 94, 592–603 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  54. McClelland, G.H., Irwin, J.R., Disatnik, D., Sivan, L.: Multicollinearity is a redherring in the search for moderator variables: A guide to interpreting moderated multiple regression models and a critique of Iacobucci, Schneider, Popovich, and Bakamitsos (2016). Behav. Res. Methods 49(1), 394–402 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. McConnell, A.R., Leibold, J.M., Sherman, S.J.: Within-target illusory correlations and the formation of context-dependent attitudes. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 73, 675–686 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Mokhtarian, P.L., Salomon, I., Singer, M.E.: What moves us? An interdisciplinary exploration of reasons for traveling. Transport Rev. 35(3), 250–274 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Neal, D.T., Wood, E., Quinn, J.M.: Habits: A repeat performance. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 15, 198–202 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Nilsen, P., Roback, K., Broström, A., Ellström, P.-E.: Creatures of habit: Accounting for the role of habit in implementation research on clinical behaviour change. Implement. Sci. 7, 53 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Oliver, R.L.: Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer. MacGraw-Hill, New York (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  60. Oliver, R.L.: Whence consumer loyalty? J. Mark. 63(4), 33–45 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Petrescu, M.: Marketing research using single-item indicators in structural equation models. J. Mark. Anal. 1, 99–117 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Ramos, E.M.S., Bergstad, C.J., Nässén, J.: Understanding daily car use: Driving habits, motives, attitudes, and norms across trip purposes. Transport. Res. F: Traffic Psychol. Behav. 68, 306–315 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Simon, H.: Motivational and emotional controls of cognition. Psychol. Rev. 74(1), 29–39 (1967)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Smith, E.R., De Coster, J.: Dual process models in social and cognitive psychology: Conceptual integration and links to underlying memory systems. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 4, 108–131 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. St-Louis, E., Manaugh, K., van Lierop, D., El-Geneidy, A.: The happy commuter: a comparison of commuter satisfaction across modes. Transp. Res. Part F 26, 160–170 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Susilo, Y.O., Cats, O.: Exploring key determinants of travel satisfaction for multi-modal trips by different traveler groups. Transp. Res. Part A 67, 366–380 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  67. Verplanken, B., Aarts, H.: Habit, attitude, and planned behaviour: Is habit an empty construct or an interesting case of goal-directed automaticity? Eur. Rev. Soc. Psychol. 10, 101–134 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Verplanken, B., Orbell, S.: Reflections on past behavior: A self-report index of habit strength. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 33, 1313–1330 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Verplanken, B., Wood, W.: Interventions to break and create consumer habits. J. Public Policy Mark. 25, 90–103 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Verplanken, B., Aarts, H., van Knippenberg, A., van Knippenberg, C.: Attitude versus general habit: Antecedents of travel mode choice. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 24, 285–300 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Wood, W., Neal, D.: A new look at habits and the habit-goal interface. Psychol. Rev. 114, 843–863 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Wood, W., Neal, D.T.: The habitual consumer. J. Consum. Psychol. 19(4), 579–592 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Wood, W., Quinn, J.M., Kashy, D.A.: Habits in everyday life: Thought, emotion, and action. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 83, 1281–1297 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Wood, W., Tam, L., Guerrero, W.M.: Changing circumstances, disrupting habits. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 88, 918–933 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Wyczesany, M., Ligeza, T.S.: Towards a constructionist approach to emotions: verification of the three-dimensional model of affect with EEG-independent component analysis. Exp. Brain Res. 233, 723–733 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Ye, R., De Vos, J., Ma, L.: Analysing the association of dissonance between actual and ideal commute time and commute satisfaction. Transp. Res. Part A 132, 47–60 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Construction Management, University of Transport and Communications, No.3, Cau Giay Street, Lang Thuong, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Hoang-Tung Nguyen

Authors
  1. Hoang-Tung Nguyen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

The author confirm contributions to the paper as follows: XXX takes care of all parts of this study including study conception and design; data collection; analysis and interpretation of results and draft manuscript preparation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hoang-Tung Nguyen.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of Interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hoang-Tung, N. Recognizing the Involvement of Satisfaction in Nurturing Habits of Travel Mode Use. Int. J. ITS Res. 21, 293–309 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-023-00353-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-023-00353-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation