Skip to main content
Log in

Core expansion: a new community detection algorithm based on neighborhood overlap

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Social Network Analysis and Mining Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There are an extensive number of algorithms for detecting communities in networks. Modularity maximization technics are the most popular community detection methods. Despite the fact that the modularity measure is the best indicator of the partition quality, it has been proved that such technics suffer from many drawbacks: systematically merging small groups to form larger ones, the tendency to split large and dense groups and the partition of random networks where no community structures exist. In this paper we propose core expansion, a new community detection method that allows to detect communities independently from modularity. The number of communities and their members are discovered without computing the modularity score. We automatically detect the core of each possible community in the network. Then, we iteratively expand each core by adding the nodes to form the final communities. The expansion process is based on the neighborhood overlap measure. Experiments performed on real existing networks proved the performance of our algorithm: Large and dense groups are no more split and almost no communities are discovered in random networks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. www-personal.umich.edu/ ~ mejn/netdata/polbooks.zip.

  2. https://snap.stanford.edu/data/ego-Facebook.html

  3. https://gephi.org/

  4. https://snap.stanford.edu/data/com-DBLP.html.

  5. https://snap.stanford.edu/data/com-Amazon.html.

  6. https://github.com/eXascaleInfolab/xmeasures.

References

  • Asmi K, Lotfi D, El Marraki M (2017) Large-scale community detection based on a new dissimilarity measure. Soc Netw Anal Min 7(1):17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azaouzi M, Rhouma D, Romdhane LB (2019) Community detection in large-scale social networks: state-of-the-art and future directions. Soc Netw Anal Min 9(1):23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blondel VD, Guillaume JL, Lambiotte R, Lefebvre E (2008) Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. J Stat Mech Theory Exp 2008(10):P10008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brandes U, Delling D, Gaertler M, Görke R, Hoefer M, Nikoloski Z, Wagner D (2006) Maximizing modularity is hard. arXiv:physics/0608255

  • Clauset A, Newman ME, Moore C (2004) Finding community structure in very large networks. Phys Rev E 70(6):066111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cordeiro M, Sarmento RP, Gama J (2016) Dynamic community detection in evolving networks using locality modularity optimization. Soc Netw Anal Min 6(1):15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Meo P, Ferrara E, Fiumara G, Provetti A (2012) On Facebook, most ties are weak. arXiv:1203.0535a

  • Derényi I, Palla G, Vicsek T (2005) Clique percolation in random networks. Phys Rev Lett 94(16):160202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fortunato S (2010) Community detection in graphs. Phys Rep 486(3–5):75–174

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Fortunato S, Barthelemy M (2007) Resolution limit in community detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci 104(1):36–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Girvan M, Newman ME (2002) Community structure in social and biological networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci 99(12):7821–7826

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinberg J, Easley D (2010) Networks, crowds, and markets: reasoning about a highly connected world. Significance 1(2):3

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Knuth DE (1993) The Stanford GraphBase: a platform for combinatorial computing. AcM Press, New York, pp 74–87

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Lancichinetti A, Fortunato S (2011) Limits of modularity maximization in community detection. Phys Rev E 84(6):066122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leskovec J, Mcauley JJ (2012) Learning to discover social circles in ego networks. In: Advances in neural information processing systems, pp 539–547

  • Lusseau D, Schneider K, Boisseau OJ, Haase P, Slooten E, Dawson SM (2003) The bottlenose dolphin community of Doubtful Sound features a large proportion of long-lasting associations. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 54(4):396–405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maier BF, Brockmann D (2017) Cover time for random walks on arbitrary complex networks. Phys Rev E 96(4):042307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mattie H, Onnela JP (2017) Generalizations of edge overlap to weighted and directed networks. arXiv:1712.07110

  • McDaid AF, Greene D, Hurley N (2011) Normalized mutual information to evaluate overlapping community finding algorithms. arXiv:1110.2515

  • Meghanathan N (2016) A greedy algorithm for neighborhood overlap-based community detection. Algorithms 9(1):8

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Newman ME (2004) Fast algorithm for detecting community structure in networks. Phys Rev E 69(6):066133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newman ME (2006) Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci 103(23):8577–8582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pizzuti C (2009) Overlapped community detection in complex networks. In: Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation. ACM, pp 859–866

  • Schülke C, Ricci-Tersenghi F (2015) Multiple phases in modularity-based community detection. Phys Rev E 92(4):042804

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Leskovec J (2015) Defining and evaluating network communities based on ground-truth. Knowl Inf Syst 42(1):181–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zachary WW (1977) An information flow model for conflict and fission in small groups. J Anthropol Res 33(4):452–473

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ali Choumane.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Ali Awada: Deceased March 21, 2019.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (CSV 2069 kb)

Supplementary file2 (CSV 2076 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Choumane, A., Awada, A. & Harkous, A. Core expansion: a new community detection algorithm based on neighborhood overlap. Soc. Netw. Anal. Min. 10, 30 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-020-00647-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-020-00647-6

Keywords

Navigation