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Exploiting stacked embeddings with LSTM for multilingual humor and irony detection

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Abstract

Humor and irony are types of communication that evoke laughter or contain hidden sarcasm. The opportunity to diversely express people’s opinions on social media using humorous content increased its popularity. Due to subjective aspects, humor may vary to gender, profession, generation, and classes of people. Detecting and analyzing humorous and ironic emplacement of informal user-generated content is crucial for various NLP and opinion mining tasks due to its perplexing characteristics. However, due to the idiosyncratic characteristics of informal texts, it is a challenging task to generate an effective representation of texts to understand the inherent contexts properly. In this paper, we propose a neural network architecture that couples a stacked embeddings strategy on top of the LSTM layer for the effective representation of textual context and determine the humorous and ironic orientation of texts in an efficient manner. Here, we perform the stacking of various fine-tuned word embeddings and transformer models including GloVe, ELMo, BERT, and Flair’s contextual embeddings to extract the diversified contextual features of texts. Later, we use the LSTM network on top of it to generate the unified document vector (UDV). Finally, the UDV is passed to the multiple feed-forward linear architectures for attaining the final prediction labels. We present the performance analysis of our proposed approach on benchmark datasets of English and Spanish language. Experimental outcomes exhibited the preponderance of our model over most of the state-of-the-art methods.

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Availability of data

The datasets used within this study are publicly available and respective references to these datasets are included in the manuscript.

Notes

  1. https://docs.fast.ai/

  2. https://github.com/flairNLP/flair/blob/master/resources/docs/embeddings.

  3. https://github.com/flairNLP/flair/blob/master/resources/docs/embeddings.

  4. https://github.com/NeelShah18/emot.

  5. https://github.com/rmit-ir/KrovetzStemmer.

  6. https://pypi.org/project/unicode/.

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  1. Radiathun Tasnia, Nabila Ayman, Afrin Sultana have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Chittagong, Hathazari, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh

    Radiathun Tasnia, Nabila Ayman, Afrin Sultana & Abu Nowshed Chy

  2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan

    Masaki Aono

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  1. Radiathun Tasnia
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Radiathun Tasnia, Nabila Ayman, and Afrin Sultana were responsible for conceptualization, methodology, software, investigation, writing the original draft, and reviewing. Abu Nowshed Chy was involved in conceptualization, methodology, validation, writing—reviewing and editing, and supervision. Masaki Aono contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—review and editing, and supervision.

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Correspondence to Radiathun Tasnia.

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Tasnia, R., Ayman, N., Sultana, A. et al. Exploiting stacked embeddings with LSTM for multilingual humor and irony detection. Soc. Netw. Anal. Min. 13, 43 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-023-01049-0

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