Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

A Sensor Data Acquisition System for Smart Agriculture

  • Original Research
  • Published:
SN Computer Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The agricultural economy of India depends heavily on agricultural production for its economic structure. Crop monitoring and timely interventions can be critical in improving agriculture outcomes. Because of the criticality of the agriculture domain and the relevance of analytical solutions for improving its operational effectiveness, this research paper presents a sensor data acquisition framework for acquiring data from sensors mounted on the robot which is an unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) technology. The proposed work uses Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensors for data acquisition by deploying robot-mounted sensors on crop fields. These robots traverse the crop and collect real-time parameters, i.e., temperature, humidity, moisture, and bacteria, which are then pushed to the cloud and subsequently used for analysis. The dataset is analyzed using exploratory analysis to determine the statistical values of the observed parameters. The results of the analysis are published on the Twitter platform using ThingSpeak which is an IoT analytics service that allows us to aggregate, visualize, and analyze live data streams in the cloud. The obtained results demonstrate the ability of the system and its possibility to be utilized as a commercial agriculture practice for farmers/users.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Code or Data Availability

The data and code used in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

References

  1. Rajeswari S, Suthendran K, Rajakumar K. A smart agricultural model by integrating IoT, mobile and cloud-based big data analytics. In: Proceedings of 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control I2C2 2017. IEEE, 2018. p. 1–5.

  2. Khanna A, Kaur S. Evolution of internet of things (IoT) and its significant impact in the field of precision agriculture. Comput Electron Agric. 2019;157:218–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ruan J, et al. A life cycle framework of green IoT-based agriculture and its finance, operation, and management issues. IEEE Commun Mag. 2019;57(3):90–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bu F, Wang X. A smart agriculture IoT system based on deep reinforcement learning. Futur Gener Comput Syst. 2019;99:500–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Tzounis A, Katsoulas N, Bartzanas T, Kittas C. Internet of Things in agriculture, recent advances and future challenges. Biosyst Eng. 2017;164:31–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Roopaei M, Rad P, Choo KKR. Cloud of things in smart agriculture: Intelligent irrigation monitoring by thermal imaging. IEEE Cloud Computing. 2017;4(1):10–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Freeman PK, Freeland RS. Agricultural UAVs in the U.S.: potential, policy, and hype. Remote Sens Appl Soc Environ. 2015;2:35–43.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Barry T. Drones over homeland: expansion of scope and lag in governance. Brown J World Aff. 2013;19(2):65–80.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wang N, Suomalainen J, Bartholomeus H, Kooistra L, Masiliūnas D, Clevers JGPW. Diurnal variation of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence of agricultural crops observed from a point-based spectrometer on a UAV. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf. 2021;96: 102276.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Zamora-Izquierdo MA, Santa J, Martínez JA, Martínez V, Skarmeta AF. Smart farming IoT platform based on edge and cloud computing. Biosys Eng. 2019;177:4–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Khan S, Liu X, Shakil KA, Alam M. Big data technology-enabled analytical solution for quality assessment of higher education systems. Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl. 2019;10(6):292–304.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Garg D, Khan S, Alam M. Integrative use of iot and deep learning for agricultural applications. Lect Notes Electr Eng. 2020;605:521–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Tseng FH, Cho HH, Te Wu H. Applying big data for intelligent agriculture-based crop selection analysis. IEEE Access. 2019;7:116965–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jinbo C, Xiangliang C, Han-Chi F, Lam A. Agricultural product monitoring system supported by cloud computing. Clust Comput. 2019;22(4):8929–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Gill SS, Buyya R, Chana I. IoT based agriculture as a cloud and big data service: The beginning of digital India. J Organ End User Comput. 2017;29(4):1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Alonso RS, Sittón-Candanedo I, García Ó, Prieto J, Rodríguez-González S. An intelligent Edge-IoT platform for monitoring livestock and crops in a dairy farming scenario. Ad Hoc Netw. 2020;98:102047.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Adafruit. The Magic of NeoPixels | AdafruitNeoPixelÜberguide | Adafruit Learning System. https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-neopixel-uberguide. Accessed 25 Mar 2022

  18. Simulink. MATLAB-MathWorks-MATLAB&Simulink. https://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab.html. Accessed 25 Mar 2022

  19. Yang J, Sharma A, Kumar R. IoT-based framework for smart agriculture. Int J Agric Environ Inform Syst. 2021;12(2):1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bhojwani Y, Singh R, Reddy R, Perumal B. Crop selection and IoT based monitoring system for precision agriculture. In: 2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering (ic-ETITE). IEEE; 2020. p. 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ramachandran V, Ramalakshmi R, Srinivasan S. An automated irrigation system for smart agriculture using the internet of things. In: 2018 15th International conference on control, automation, robotics and vision (ICARCV). IEEE; 2018. p. 210–5.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Ramaprasad SS, Kumar BS, Lebaka S, Prasad PR, Kumar KS, Manohar GN. Intelligent Crop Monitoring and Protection System in Agricultural fields Using IoT. In: 2019 4th International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT). IEEE; 2019. p. 1527–31.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Heble S, Kumar A, Prasad KVD, Samirana S, Rajalakshmi P, Desai UB. A low power IoT network for smart agriculture. In: 2018 IEEE 4th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT). IEEE; 2018. p. 609–14.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Reche A, Sendra S, Díaz JR, Lloret J. A smart M2M deployment to control the agriculture irrigation. In: Ad-hoc Networks and Wireless: ADHOC-NOW 2014 International Workshops, ETSD, MARSS, MWaoN, SecAN, SSPA, and WiSARN, Benidorm, Spain, June 22–27, 2014, Revised Selected Papers 13. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer; 2015. p. 139–51.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Chaudhary DD, Nayse SP, Waghmare LM. Application of wireless sensor networks for greenhouse parameter control in precision agriculture. Int J Wirel Mobile Netw. 2011;3(1):140–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Liqiang Z, Shouyi Y, Leibo L, Zhen Z, Shaojun W. A crop monitoring system based on wireless sensor network. Procedia Environ Sci. 2011;11:558–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Kaur G, Upadhyaya P, Chawla P. Comparative analysis of IoT-based controlled environment and uncontrolled environment plant growth monitoring system for hydroponic indoor vertical farm. Environ Res. 2023;222:115313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Koteswara Rao M, Satish Kumar M, Jaijaivenkataramana M, SaiSowjanya C. ESP32 based irrigation system. In: Intelligent cyber physical systems and internet of things: ICoICI 2022. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2023. p. 465–74.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Dorthi K, Narasimha Reddy S, Pitta S. Smart water management system in agriculture using internet of things. In: Smart Intelligent Computing and Applications, Volume 2: Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Smart Computing and Informatics (SCI 2021). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2022. p. 235–41.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Garg D, Alam M. Smart agriculture: a literature review. J Manag Anal. 2023;10:1–57.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Shah SIH, Peristeras V, Magnisalis I. DaLiF: a data lifecycle framework for data-driven governments. J Big Data. 2021;8(1):1–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Obasanya TD, Oluwafemi IB, Bello OO, Lawal TA. An internet of things-based irrigation and tank monitoring system. Int J Inf Commun Technol. 2022;11(1):65–75.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Srilakshmi A, Geetha K, Harini D. MAIC: a proficient agricultural monitoring and alerting system using IoT in cloud platform. In: Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies: Proceedings of ICICCT 2019. Singapore: Springer; 2020. p. 805–18.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Jha, K., Doshi, A., Patel, P., & Shah, M. A comprehensive review on automation in agriculture using artificial intelligence. Artif Intell Agric. 2019;2:1–12.

  35. Kumar KA, Aju D. An Internet of Thing based agribot (IOT-agribot) for precision agriculture and farm monitoring. Int J Educ Manag Eng. 2020;10(4):33–9.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kaushal M, Wani SP. Nanosensors: frontiers in precision agriculture. Nanotechnol Agric Paradigm. 2017;279–291.

  37. Mousavi SR, Rezaei M. Nanotechnology in agriculture and food production. J Appl Environ Biol Sci. 2011;1(10):414–9.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Cui S, Ling P, Zhu H, Keener HM. Plant pest detection using an artificial nose system: a review. Sensors. 2018;18(2):378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Jijina CK, Raju G. Social media and farmers. Int J Res Eng Technol. 2016;5(19):20–5.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Mills J, Reed M, Skaalsveen K, Ingram J. The use of Twitter for knowledge exchange on sustainable soil management. Soil Use Manag. 2019;35(1):195–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Kushwaha HL, Sinha J, Khura T, Kushwaha DK, Ekka U, Purushottam M, Singh N. Status and scope of robotics in agriculture. Int Conf Emerg Technol Agric Food Eng. 2016;12:163.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Botta A, Cavallone P, Baglieri L, Colucci G, Tagliavini L, Quaglia G. A review of robots, perception, and tasks in precision agriculture. Appl Mech. 2022;3(3):830–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Vidoni R, Bietresato M, Gasparetto A, Mazzetto F. Evaluation and stability comparison of different vehicle configurations for robotic agricultural operations on side-slopes. Biosys Eng. 2015;129:197–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their insightful and helpful feedback in advance.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other supports were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Both authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. MA: helped in the original draft, laboratory experiments, data collection, and visualization, supervision. DG: contributed to the investigation, formal analysis, editing, material preparation, and data analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mansaf Alam.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the topical collection “Research Trends in Communication and Network Technologies” guest edited by Anshul Verma, Pradeepika Verma and Kiran Kumar Pattanaik.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Garg, D., Alam, M. A Sensor Data Acquisition System for Smart Agriculture. SN COMPUT. SCI. 4, 667 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-023-02085-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-023-02085-5

Keywords

Navigation