Abstract.
Building applications in a distributed computing environment is a complex process involving reasoning about message ordering, system failures, link failures etc. Group communication services attempt to make this task easier by providing building blocks to be used in assembling such systems and by defining properties that are guaranteed by these services. One such property is VS (view synchrony) which imposes restrictions on when messages can be delivered, guaranteeing that processors who share the same view of the distributed environment receive either the same set of messages or prefixes of the set received by one processor. This paper provides a precise description of an algorithm (based on ideas of Cristian and Schmuck) and a proof that this algorithm provides VS. The contributions of this paper are to show that VS is implementable and to provide an actual algorithm to implement it. We also show conditional timing properties of the algorithm, giving timebounds for group formation under certain stability conditions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amir Y (1995) Replication using group communication over a paritioned network. PhD thesis, Institute of Computer Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Amir Y, Breitgand D, Chockler GV, Dolev D (1996) Group communication as an infrastructure for distributed system management. In: Third Int Workshop on Services in Distributed and Networked Enviroments (SDNE’96), pp 84-91
Amir Y, Dolev D, Melliar-Smith P, Moser L (1994) Robust and efficient replication using group communication. Technical Report TR 94-20, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Amir Y, Moser L, Melliar-Smith P, Agrawal D, Ciarfella P (1993) Fast message ordering and membership using a logical token-passing ring. In: Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems, pp 551-560
Babaoglu O, Davoli R, Giachini L, Baker M (1995) Relacs: A communication infrastructure for constructing reliable applications in large-scale distributed systems. In: m Proc of Hawaii Int Conf on Comp and Syst Science, pp 612-621
Babaoglu O, Davoli R, Giachini L, Sabbattini P (1995) The inherent cost of strong-partial view synchronous communication. Technical Report UBLCS-95-11, University of Bologna, Italy
Babaoglu O, Davoli R, Montresor A (1995) Group membership and view synchrony in partitionable asynchronous systems: Specifications. Technical Report UBLCS-95-18, University of Bologna, Italy
Birman K, Joseph T (1987) Exploiting virtual synchrony in distributed systems. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, pp 123-138
Birman K, van Renesse R (eds) (1994) Reliable distributed computing with the Isis toolkit. IEEE Computer Society Press
Chockler GV, Keidar I, Vitenberg R (2001) Group communication specifications: a comprehensive study. ACM Computing Surveys 33(4): 1-43
Malloth C, Schiper A (1995) View synchronous communication in large scale networks. In: 2nd Open Workshop of the ESPRIT project BROADCAST (6360)
Cristian F, Schmuck F (1995) Agreeing on processor group membership in timed asynchronous distributed systems. Technical Report CSE95-428, Department of Computer Science, University of California San Diego
Dolev D, Malki D (1996) The Transis approach to high availability cluster communication. Communications of the ACM 39(4): 64-70
Fekete A, Lynch N, Shvartsman A (2001) Specifying and using a partitionable group communication service. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 19(2): 171-216
Friedman R, van Renesse R (1996) Strong and weak virtual synchrony in Horus. In: Proc of IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, pp 140-149
Garland S, Guttag J, Horning J (1993) An overview of Larch. In: Lauer PE (ed) Functional programming, concurrency, simulation and automated reasoning, vol 693, pp 329-348. Springer
Hayden M (1998) The Ensemble System Cornell University. Technical Report TR98-1662, Cornell
Jahanian F, Fakhouri S, Rajkumar R (1993) Processor group membership protocols: specification, design and implementation. In: Proc of 12th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, pp 2-11
Kaashoek MF, Tanenbaum AS (1996) An evaluation of the Amoeba Group Communication System. In: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, pp 436-448
Keidar I, Dolev D (1996) Efficient message ordering in dynamic networks. In: 15th ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing Systems (PODC), pp 68-76
Keidar I, Dolev D (1999) Totally ordered broadcast in the face of network partitions. In: Auresky D (ed) Dependable network computing, pp 57-75. Klumer Academic Publications
Keidar I, Khazan R (2002) A virtually synchronous group multicast algorithm for WANs: Formal approach. SIAM Journal on Computing (SICOMP) 32(1): 78-130
Keidar I, Sussman J, Marzullo K, Dolev D (2000) A client-server oriented algorithm for virtually synchronous group membership in WANs. In: 20th Internation Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp 356-365
Lesley N, Fekete A (1999) Providing view synchrony for group communication services. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Australasian Computer Science Conference ACSC99, pp 457-468
Lynch N, Tuttle M (1989) An introduction to input/output automata. CWI-Quarterly 2(3): 219-246 (1989)
Lynch NA (1996) Distributed algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Mateo, CA
Lynch NA, Vaandrager F (1996) Forward and backward simulations - Part II: Timing-based systems. Information and Computation 128(1): 1-25
Moser L, Amir Y, Melliar-Smith P, Agrawal D (1994) Extended virtual synchrony. In: Proc of IEEE Int Conf on Dist Comp Systems, pp 56-63
Moser LE, Melliar-Smith PM, Agarwal DA, Budhia RK, Lingley-Papadopoulos CA (1996) Totem: A fault-tolerant multicast group communication system. Communications of the ACM 39(4): 54-63
De Prisco R, Fekete A, Lynch N, Shvartsman A (1998) A dynamic view-oriented group communication service. In: Proceedings of ACM Conference on Principles of Distributed Computing, pp 227-236
Sussman J, Keidar I, Marzullo K (2000) Optimistic virtual synchrony. In: 19th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, pp 42-51
van Renesse R, Birman KP, Maffeis S (1996) Horus: A flexible group communication system. Communications of the ACM 39(4): 76-83
Défago X, Schiper A, Urbán P (2000) Totally ordered broadcast and multicast algorithms: A comprehensive survey. Technical Report TR DSC/2000/036, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Received: 15 July 2003, Published online: 21 October 2003
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lesley, N., Fekete, A. Providing view synchrony for group communication services. Acta Informatica 40, 159–210 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-003-0129-4
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-003-0129-4