Skip to main content
Log in

Optimization techniques for curved path computing

  • Original Article
  • Published:
The Visual Computer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Participating media with an inhomogeneous index of refraction make light follow curved paths. Simulating this in a global illumination environment has usually been neglected due to the complexity of the calculations involved, sacrificing accurate physical simulations for efficient visual results.

This paper aims to simulate non-linear media in a more reasonable time than previous works without losing physical correctness. Accuracy is achieved by solving the Eikonal equation of geometrical optics, which describes the path followed by a light beam that traverses a non-linear medium. This equation is used in the context of a photon mapping extension.

To improve the efficiency of the method, we study the existing correlation between numerical methods and the description of the non-linear medium, in terms of simulation time and error. Also, by taking advantage of several features of the scenes that include non-linear media, new optimization techniques that can be applied both for ray tracing and photon mapping will be developed. Flight or driving simulators could greatly benefit from this work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Berger, M., Trout, T., Levit, N.: Ray tracing mirages. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 10(3), 36–41 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Burden, R.L., Faires, J.: Numerical Analysis, 4th edn. PWS-Kent, Boston (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Dormand, J., Prince, P.: A family of embeded Runge–Kutta formulae. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 6(1), 19–26 (1980)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Glassner, A.S.: Principles of Digital Image Synthesis. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Gröller, M.E.: Nonlinear raytracing: visualizing strange worlds. Vis. Comput. 11(5), 263–274 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gutierrez, D., Muñoz, A., Anson, O., Serón, F.J.: Non-linear volume photon mapping. In: Rendering Techniques, pp. 291–300 (2005)

  7. Gutierrez, D., Serón, F.J., Anson, O., Muñoz, A.: Chasing the green flash: a global illumination solution for inhomogeneous media. In: SCCG’04: Proceedings of the 20th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics, pp. 97–105. ACM, New York (2004)

  8. Gutierrez, D., Serón, F.J., Muñoz, A., Anson, O.: Simulation of atmospheric phenomena. Comput. Graph. 30(6), 994–1010 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hall, R.: Illumination and color in computer generated imagery. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jensen, H.: Realistic image synthesis using photon mapping. Peters, Natick, MA (2001)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Linţu, A., Haber, J., Magnor, M.: Realistic solar disc rendering. In: V. Skala (ed.) WSCG 2005 Full Papers Conference Proceedings, pp. 79–86 (2005)

  12. Muñoz, A., Gutierrez, D., Serón, F.J.: Efficient physically-based simulation of non-linear media. In: GRAPHITE ’06: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques in Australasia and Southeast Asia, pp. 97–105. ACM, New York (2006)

  13. Musgrave, F.K.: A note on ray tracing mirages. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 10(6), 10–12 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Stam, J., Languenou, E.: Ray tracing in non-constant media. In: Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques ’96, pp. 225–ff. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1996)

  15. Tawara, T., Myszkowski, K., Dmitriev, K., Havran, V., Damez, C., Seidel, H.P.: Exploiting temporal coherence in global illumination. In: SCCG ’04: Proceedings of the 20th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics, pp. 23–33. ACM, New York (2004)

  16. USGPC: U.S. Standard Atmosphere. United State Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (1976)

  17. Wald, I., Kollig, T., Benthin, C., Keller, A., Slusallek, P.: Interactive global illumination using fast ray tracing. In: EGRW ’02: Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, pp. 15–24. Eurographics Association, Aire-la-Ville, Switzerland (2002)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francisco J. Serón.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Muñoz, A., Gutierrez, D. & Serón, F. Optimization techniques for curved path computing. Visual Comput 23, 493–502 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-007-0122-y

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-007-0122-y

Keywords

Navigation