Skip to main content
Log in

Existence of Yang Hui Type Magic Squares

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Graphs and Combinatorics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, some constructions of Yang Hui type magic squares are provided. As their application, it is shown that there exists a Yang Hui type magic square YMS\((n,2)\) for all even order \(n\ge 4\). Meanwhile, a diagonally ordered irrational YMS\((n,2)\) is also mentioned and it is shown that such a YMS\((n,2)\) exists for all integers \(n\equiv 2\pmod 4\) with \(n\ge 6\).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abe, G.: Unsolved problems on magic squares. Discrete Math. 127, 3–13 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Ahmed, M.: Algebric Combinatorics of Magic Squares, PH.D Dissertation, University of California, Davis (2004)

  3. Andrews, W.S.: Magic Squares and Cubes, 2nd edn. Dover, New York (1960)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Cammann, S.v.R.: Magic squares. In: Encyclopædia Britannica, 14th edn. Chicago (1973)

  5. Cao, H., Li, W.: Existence of strong symmetric self-orthogonal diagonal Latin squares. Discrete Math. 311, 841–843 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Chen, K., Li, W.: Existence of normal bimagic squares. Discrete Math. 312, 3077–3086 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Chikaraishi, S., Kobayashi, M., Mutoh, N., Nakannira, G.: Magic squares with powered sum. http://usr.u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp/kn/AN10118525201111001030

  8. Colbourn, C.J., Dinitz, J.H. (eds.) Handbook of combinatorial designs, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton (2007)

  9. Derksen, H., Eggermont, C., Essen, A.V.D.: Multimagic squares. Am. Math. Monthly 114, 703–713 (2007)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Gardner, M.: Time Travel and Other Mathematical Bewilderments. Freeman, New York (1988)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Gomes, C., Sellmann, M.: Streamlined constraint reasoning. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3258, pp. 274–289. Springer, Berlin (2004)

  12. Harmuth, T.: Über magische quadrate und ähniche zahlenfiguren. Arch. Math. Phys. 66, 286–313 (1881)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Harmuth, T.: Über magische rechtecke mit ungeraden seitenzahlen. Arch. Math. Phys. 66, 413–447 (1881)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Kim, Y., Yoo, J.: An algorithm for constructing magic squares. Discrete Appl. Math. 156, 2804–2809 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Yang, H.: Yang Hui suan fa, 1274, in Chinese, http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/limedio/dlam/B14/B1407158/1, reprint, 1433

  16. Zhang, Y., Chen, J., Wu, D., Zhang, H.: Diagonally ordered orthogonal weakly diagonal Latin squares and their related elementary diagonally ordered magic squares, preprint

  17. Zhang, Y., Chen, J., Wu, D., Zhang, H.: The existence and application of strongly idempotent self-orthogonal row Latin magic arrays. Acta Math. Appl. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) (2014, to appear)

  18. Zhang, Y., Chen, K., Lei, J.: Large sets of orthogonal arrays and multimagic squares. J. Combin. Des. 21, 390–403 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Professor L. Zhu of Suzhou University for helpful discussions. The authors would like to thank W. Li of Sichuang Province for his example of YMS\((10,2)\).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kejun Chen.

Additional information

The research is supported by the NNSFCs (No. 11371308 and No. 11301457).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cao, N., Chen, K. & Zhang, Y. Existence of Yang Hui Type Magic Squares. Graphs and Combinatorics 31, 1289–1310 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00373-014-1480-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00373-014-1480-7

Keywords

Navigation