Abstract
We introduce the sum of two n-dimensional observables on a \(\sigma \)-complete MV-effect algebra and on a lexicographic MV-effect algebra, respectively. The sum is based upon a one-to-one correspondence between n-dimensional observables and n-dimensional spectral resolutions. Therefore, the sum of two observables is defined by their n-dimensional spectral resolutions. In addition, we study also the Olson order between n-dimensional observables using the one-to-one correspondence which enables us to show some semigroup properties of the set of n-dimensional observables with respect to the sum and the Olson order.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Birkhoff G, von Neumann J (1936) The logic of quantum mechanics. Ann Math 37:823–834
Catlin D (1968) Spectral theory in quantum logics. Int J Theor Phys 1:285–297
Cignoli R, D’Ottaviano IML, Mundici D (2000) Algebraic foundations of many-valued reasoning. Kluwer Academic Publ, Dordrecht
Diaconescu D, Flaminio T, Leuştean I (2014) Lexicographic MV-algebras and lexicographic states. Fuzzy Sets Syst 244:63–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2014.02.010
Di Nola A, Dvurečenskij A, Lenzi G (2019) Observables on perfect MV-algebras. Fuzzy Sets Syst 369:57–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2018.11.018
Di Nola A, Grigolia R (2015) Gödel spaces and perfect MV-algebras. J Appl Log 13:270–284
Dvurečenskij A (2016) Olson order of quantum observables. Int J Theor Phys 55:4896–4912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3113
Dvurečenskij A (2018) Sum of observables on MV-effect algebras. Soft Comput 22:2485–2493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-017-2741-1
Dvurečenskij A, Kuková M (2014) Observables on quantum structures. Inf Sci 262:215–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2013.09.014
Dvurečenskij A, Lachman D (2019) Observables on lexicographic effect algebras. Algebra Univ 80:49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00012-019-0628-y
Dvurečenskij A, Lachman D (2020a) Spectral resolutions and observables in \(n\)-perfect MV-algebras. Soft Comput 24:843–860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-019-04543-w
Dvurečenskij A, Lachman D (2020b) Lifting, \(n\)-dimensional spectral resolutions, and \(n\)-dimensional observables. Algebra Univ 81:34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00012-020-00664-8
Dvurečenskij A, Lachman D (2020c) \(n\)-dimensional observables on \(k\)-perfect MV-algebras and effect algebras. II. One-to-one correspondence, arXiv:2011.05882
Dvurečenskij A, Lachman D (2021) \(n\)-dimensional observables on \(k\)-perfect MV-algebras and effect algebras. I. Characteristic points. Fuzzy Sets Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2021.05.005
Dvurečenskij A, Pulmannová S (2000) “New Trends in Quantum Structures”, Kluwer Academic Publ., Dordrecht, Ister Science, Bratislava, 541 + xvi pp
Foulis DJ, Bennett MK (1994) Effect algebras and unsharp quantum logics. Found Phys 24:1325–1346
Fuchs L (1963) Partially ordered algebraic systems. Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York
Gudder SP (1966) Uniqueness and existence properties of bounded observables. Pac J Math 19:81–93
Halmos PR (1974) Measure Theory. Springer, Berlin
Janda JJ, Li Y (2019) The sum of observables on a \(\sigma \)-distributive lattice effect algebra. Soft Comput 23:6743–6753
Janda J, Xie Y (2018) The spectrum of the sum of observables on \(\sigma \)-complete MV-effect algebras. Soft Comput 22:8041–8049
Kallenberg O (1997) Foundations of modern probability. Springer, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg
Kolmogorov AN (1933) Grundbegriffe der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung. Berlin
Mundici D (1986) Interpretation of AF \(C^*\)-algebras in Łukasiewicz sentential calculus. J Func Anal 65:15–63
Olson MP (1971) The self-adjoint operators of a von Neumann algebra form a conditionally complete lattice. Proc Am Math Soc 28:537–544
Ravindran K (1996) On a structure theory of effect algebras. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, Kansas PhD thesis
Varadarajan VS (1968) Geometry of quantum theory, vol 1. van Nostrand, Princeton, New Jersey
Acknowledgements
The author is very indebted to an anonymous referee for his/her valuable comments and suggestions which improved readability of the paper.
Funding
This study was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract APVV-16-0073 and the Grant VEGA No. 2/0142/20 SAV.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The paper was supported by the grant of the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract APVV-16-0073 and the Grant VEGA No. 2/0142/20 SAV.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dvurečenskij, A. Sum of n-dimensional observables on MV-effect algebras. Soft Comput 25, 8073–8084 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-021-05911-1
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-021-05911-1