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Guiding traffic in the case of big events with spot checks on traffic and additional parking space requirements

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Abstract

Big events lead to temporary very high traffic volumes which usually exceed traffic capabilities of the existing infrastructure. Hence, it is necessary to control traffic in a way that helps to keep traffic congestion as low as possible. In this paper we introduce a traffic planning model for big events which optimizes traffic routing, allocates parking space, and defines locations for spot checks on traffic. We extend and modify a traffic flow model that has successfully been used in previous work on evacuation planning. A computational study demonstrates the model’s applicability to a real world situation.

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Abbreviations

T :

Set of periods of the planning horizon with | T | as the last period

N :

Set of different cell sizes

I :

Set of cells

I n :

Set of cells of cell size n

c i :

Weight of cell i

β ij :

= 1, if a connection between cell i and cell j exists (0, otherwise)

N i :

Maximum number of vehicles that can reside in cell i in one period per lane

Q i :

Maximum number of vehicles that can flow into/flow out from a cell i per period/lane

s i :

Number of existing lanes in cell i

C i :

Maximum parking capacity in cell i

x it :

Number of vehicles that reside in cell i at the end of period t

b it :

Number of vehicles that start their trip in cell i in period t

y ijt :

Number of vehicles that leave cell i in period t and arrive in cell j in period t + 1

\({y^k_{iit}}\) :

Number of vehicles that move inside of cell i in period t for the kth time This decision variable is used because of the different sell sizes

I Q :

Set of cells where entering the network is possible

I S :

Set of cells where parking is possible

E i :

Number of vehicles entering the network in cell i

p it :

Number of vehicles that start parking in cell i in period t

P it :

Number of vehicles parking in cell i in period t

z it :

Number of lanes that are used for parking in cell i in period t

R :

Set of different regions in the network

I r :

Set of cells within region r

I A :

Set of cells where the vehicles can leave the network (I A =  I Q )

I S :

Set of cells from where the vehicles start their trip home. These cells can be used for parking during the length of the event

P i :

Number of vehicles starting their trip home in cell i. These vehicles have been allocated to the cells for parking within the planning of the incoming traffic (Pi = P i T).

Z i :

Number of restricted lanes in cell i. This parameter results from the Planning of the incoming traffic. The lanes are restricted for parking (Z i =  z iT )

V :

Number of police patrol cars that can be allocated to do spot checks

kd :

Duration of a spot check

 km :

Number of vehicles that have to pass the spot check

 km S :

Maximum number of vehicles that can be checked by one police patrol car at the same time

a it :

Number of vehicles leaving the network through cell i in period t

g it :

Number of vehicles that start the spot check in cell i in period t

G it :

Number of vehicles residing in the spot check in cell i in period t

v i :

Number of police patrol cars placed in cell i to realize spot checks

\({ \hat{z_i}}\) :

Number of lanes that have to be restricted for realizing spot checks

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lehrstuhl für Logistik und Operations Research, Mercator School of Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 65, 47048, Duisburg, Germany

    A. Kimms, K.-C. Maassen & S. Pottbäcker

Authors
  1. A. Kimms
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  2. K.-C. Maassen
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  3. S. Pottbäcker
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Correspondence to A. Kimms.

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Kimms, A., Maassen, KC. & Pottbäcker, S. Guiding traffic in the case of big events with spot checks on traffic and additional parking space requirements. Cent Eur J Oper Res 20, 755–773 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-011-0202-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-011-0202-y

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