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The longitudinal analysis of the genetic effects on craniofacial morphology in posterior–anterior and lateral cephalograms of female twins aged from 6 to 12 years

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Abstract

To analyze the influence of environmental and genetic factors on craniofacial growth and development, especially on the children in the stage of mixed dentition using twin method and to find the sensitive areas to environmental factors, providing the feasible reference for early orthodontic modification. The posterior-anterior and lateral cephalograms of 89 pairs of female twins aged from 6 to 12 years were measured. 183 effective pairs of twins were included using a mixed longitudinal observation manner (110 pairs of monozygotic twins, 73 pairs of dizygotic twins). Twin method was used to measure the longitudinal effects of environmental and genetic factors on the length, the angle and functional areas of craniofacial hard and soft tissues. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0 software. Paired t test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of differences between samples. The length (L1, L2, L5, L6, L7, L8, L11, L12), the height (SGo, H1, H3, H4, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, H17, H18, H19), the angle (ANB, NAP, ∠1, ∠2, ∠5, ∠6) and the area (S1,S2) were affected by environmental factors (P < 0.05).The length (L4, L8, L10, L11, L12), the height (NMe,SGo,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6,H7,H8,H9,H10,H11,H18), the angle (∠1, ∠2) and the area (S3, S6) were affected by genetic factors (P < 0.05). Early orthodontic modification could change the anterior–posterior relationship of maxillary and mandible and the depth of craniofacial soft and hard tissues. The change in the depth of lower face was the most obvious. Early orthodontic modification could change the height of hard tissues of posterior face, which faced genetic resistance. There was high genetic resistance in anterior face height which was the most difficult for the change. Genetic resistance in changing the width of maxillary base bone existed as using early orthodontic modification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The You An Men Community Medical Service Center of Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China

    Lv Jing & Zhou Fangyuan

  2. Wu Jing Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, 100069, China

    Peng Jing

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  1. Lv Jing
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  2. Zhou Fangyuan
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  3. Peng Jing
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Correspondence to Lv Jing.

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Jing, L., Fangyuan, Z. & Jing, P. The longitudinal analysis of the genetic effects on craniofacial morphology in posterior–anterior and lateral cephalograms of female twins aged from 6 to 12 years. Cluster Comput 22 (Suppl 2), 4957–4969 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-018-2447-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-018-2447-x

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