Skip to main content
Log in

Synchronizing sequences on a class of unbounded systems using synchronized Petri nets

  • Published:
Discrete Event Dynamic Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Determining the state of a system when one does not know its current initial state is a very important problem in many practical applications as checking communication protocols, part orienteers, digital circuit reset, etc. Synchronizing sequences have been proposed in the 60’s to solve the problem on systems modeled by finite state machines. This paper presents a first investigation of the synchronizing problem on unbounded systems, using synchronized Petri nets, i.e., nets whose evolution is driven by external input events. The proposed approach suffers from the fact that no finite space representation can exhaustively answer to the reachability problem but we show that synchronizing sequences may be computed for a particular class of unbounded synchronized Petri nets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Properly speaking, the model we describe here is called a place/transition net.

  2. Given two vectors \(x, y \in \mathbb {R}^{n}\) we write \(x \lneq y\) to denote that xy, i.e., each component of x is smaller than or equal to the corresponding component of y, and that xy, i.e., the two vectors are not identical.

  3. Here, * denotes the Kleene star operator and E represents the set of all sequences on alphabet E.

  4. We are assuming that target marking set can also include ω-markings.

  5. The completed graph is not shown in figure for sake of simplicity, but can be easily obtained adding selfloop labeled e| as discussed in the previous subsection.

  6. Here M[w|σ j,w 〉 denotes that in the synchronized PN starting from marking M the input sequence w determines the firing of the step sequence σ j,w .

References

  • Ananichev D, Volkov MV (2003) Synchronizing monotonic automata. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 111–121

  • Benenson Y, Adar R, Paz-Elizur T, Livneh Z, Shapiro E (2003) Dna molecule provides a computing machine with both data and fuel. Proc National Acad Sci USA 100(5):2191–2196. doi:10.1073/pnas.0535624100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benenson Y, Paz-Elizur T, Adar R, Keinan E, Livneh Z, Shapiro E (2001) Programmable and autonomous computing machine made of biomolecules. Nature 414:430–434. doi:10.1038/35106533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng KT, Agrawal V (1992) Initializability consideration in sequential machine synthesis. IEEE Trans Comput 41:374–379. doi:10.1109/12.127453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cho H, Jeong SW, Somenzi F, Pixley C (1993) Multiple observation time single reference test generation using synchronizing sequences. In: Proceedings of the 4th european conference on Design automation, 1993, with the european event in ASIC design, pp 494–498. doi:10.1109/EDAC.1993.386426

  • David R, Alla H (2004) Discrete, continuous and hybrid Petri nets Springer-Verlag

  • Devillers R, Van Begin L (2006) Boundedness undecidability for synchronized nets. Inf Process Lett 99(5):208–214. doi:10.1016/j.ipl.2006.04.009

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Ding Z, Jiang C, Zhou M (2008) Deadlock checking for one-place unbounded Petri nets based on modified reachability trees. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 38(3):881–883. doi:10.1109/TSMCB.2008.917177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Finkel A (1993) The minimal coverability graph for Petri nets. In: Papers from the 12th international conference on applications and theory of Petri nets: Advances in Petri nets 1993. Springer, London, pp 210–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Geeraerts G, Raskin JF, Van Begin L (2010) On the efficient computation of the minimal coverability set for Petri nets. Int J Found Comput Sci 21(02):135–165. doi:10.1142/S0129054110007180

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Jürgensen H (2008) Synchronization. Inf Comput 206:1033–1044. 10.1016/j.ic.2008.03.005. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1410483.1410835

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kari J (2002) Synchronization and stability of finite automata. J Universal Comput Sci 8(2):270–277

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Karp RM, Miller RE (1969) Parallel program schemata. J Comput Syst Sci 3(2):147–195. doi:10.1016/S0022-0000(69)80011-5

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Lee D, Yannakakis M (1996) Principles and methods of testing finite state machine – a survey. Proc IEEE 84(8):1090–1123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayr EW, Meyer AR (1981) The complexity of the finite containment problem for Petri nets. J ACM 28(3):561–576. doi:10.1145/322261.322271

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Moore EF (1956) Gedanken-experiments on sequential machines. Automata Studies. Ann Math Stud 34:129–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Murata T (1989) Petri nets: Properties, analysis and applications. Proc IEEE 77(4):541–580. doi:10.1109/5.24143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Natarajan BK (1986) An algorithmic approach to the automated design of parts orienters. In: SFCS ’86: Proc. of the 27th annual symposium on foundations of computer science. doi:10.1109/SFCS.1986.5. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, pp 132–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Pocci M (2013) Test and diagnosis of discrete event systems using Petri nets. Ph.D. thesis, Aix-Marseille University & University of Cagliari. http://www.lsis.org/poccim/phd_thesis_marco_pocci.pdf

  • Pocci M, Demongodin I, Giambiasi N, Giua A (2013) A new algorithm to compute synchronizing sequences for synchronized Petri nets. In: IEEE Tencon conference for Region 10 (TENCON). Xi’an, Shaanxi, China. doi:10.1109/TENCON.2013.6718970

  • Pocci M, Demongodin I, Giambiasi N, Giua A (2014a) Testing experiments on synchronized Petri nets. IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng 11(1):125–138. doi:10.1109/TASE.2013.2290774

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pocci M, Demongodin I, Giambiasi N, Giua A (2014b) Testing experiments on unbounded systems: synchronizing sequences using Petri nets. In: WODES 14: 12th int. Workshop on discrete event systems. Cachan, France. doi:10.3182/20140514-3-FR-4046.00104, pp 155–161

  • Reynier PA, Servais F (2011) Minimal coverability set for Petri nets: Karp and miller algorithm with pruning. In: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on applications and theory of Petri nets, Petri NETS’11. Springer, Berlin, pp 69–88

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wang S, Zhou M, Li Z, Wang C (2013) A new modified reachability tree approach and its applications to unbounded Petri nets. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 43(4):932–940. doi:10.1109/TSMCA.2012.2226878

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Isabel Demongodin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pocci, M., Demongodin, I., Giambiasi, N. et al. Synchronizing sequences on a class of unbounded systems using synchronized Petri nets. Discrete Event Dyn Syst 26, 85–108 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10626-016-0225-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10626-016-0225-6

Keywords

Navigation