Abstract
The present study is about design and development of eye tracker-based eye training games. The aim of these games is to help students with low vision to improve their vision capabilities. The games are played with user’s eye movements and the games response accordingly. This study consists of iterative and incremental development process of the eye movement games and single subject design research by using the final product with a participant. As a result, findings from single-subject design research and design principles of eye movement games for students with low vision are presented for assisting to enhance their vision abilities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Çalık, B., Kitiş, A., Cavlak, U., & Oğuzhanoğlu, A. (2012). The impact of attention training on children with low vision: A randomized trial. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 42(Sup. 1), 1186–1193.
Donegan, M., Morris, J. D., Corno, F., Signorile, I., Chó, A., Pasian, V., … Holmqvist, E. (2009). Understanding users and their needs. Universal Access in the Information Society, 8(4), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-009-0148-1.
Donmez, M., & Cagiltay, K. (2015). Eye tracker based eye training system for children with low vision: Effectiveness and usability. AERA 2015 Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois.
Dorr, M., Pomarjanschi, L., & Barth, E. (2009). Gaze beats mouse: A case study on a gaze-controlled breakout. PsychNology Journal, 7(2), 197–211.
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. (2011). Single-subject research. In J. R. Fraenkel, N. E.Wallen, & H. Hyun (Eds.), How to design and evaluate research in education (pp. 301–329). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.
Gaggi, O., & Ciman, M. (2016). The use of games to help children eyes testing. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 75(6), 3453–3478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-014-2444-x.
Goldie, D., Gormezano, S., & Raznik, P. (1986). Comprehensive low vision services for visually impaired children: A function of special education. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 80(7), 844–848.
Horner, R. H., Carr, E. G., Halle, J., McGee, G., Odom, S., & Wolery, M. (2005). The use of single-subject research to identify evidence-based practice in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290507100203.
Jose, J., Thomas, J., Bhakat, P., & Krithica, S. (2016). Awareness, knowledge, and barriers to low vision services among eye care practitioners. Oman Journal of Ophthalmology, 9(1), 37–43.
Odom, S. L., Brown, W. H., Frey, T., Karasu, N., Lee Smith-Canter, L., & Strain, P. S. (2003). Evidence-based practices for young children with autism: Contributions for single-subject design research. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 18(3), 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1177/10883576030180030401.
Pasian, V., Corno, F., Signorile, I., & Farinetti, L. (2012). The impact of gaze controlled technology on quality of life. In Gaze interaction and applications of eye tracking: Advances in assistive technologies (pp. 48–54). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61350-098-9.ch006.
Singh, D. K., & Kumar, A. G. (2013). Learning difficulties of secondary school students with low vision in an inclusive indian classroom. EDUCATIONAL QUEST: An International Journal of Education and Applied Social Sciences, 4(2), 1.
Strong, J. G., Jutai, J. W., Russell-Minda, E., & Evans, M. (2008). Driving and low vision: An evidence-based review of rehabilitation. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 102(7).
Tatsumi, H., Murai, Y., Kawahara, M., Sekita, I., & Miyakawa, M. (2010). Eye tracking application for low vision. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Systems Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, 1578. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.2010.5642352.
World Health Organization. (1993). Management of low vision in children: Report of a WHO consultation, Bangkok, 23-24 July 1992. Geneva: World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/61105. Accessed 16 Jan 2018.
World Health Organization. (2002). Asia Pacific: Regional low vision workshop, Hong Kong, 28-30 May 2001. Geneva: World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/67744. Accessed 16 Jan 2018.
Yalo, J. A., Indoshi, F. C., & Agak, J. O. (2012). Challenges and strategies of working with learners with low vision: Implications for teacher training. Educational Research Review, 7(10), 238–243.
Zammitt, N., O’Hare, A., Mason, J., & Elliott, G. (1999). Use of low vision aids by children attending a centralized multidisciplinary visual impairment service. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 93, 351–359.
Acknowledgements
The resources like eye tracking devices of the Human Computer Interaction Laboratory of Middle East Technical University were used during the study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
MD and KC carried out all of processes in the study together. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declared that they have no conflict of interests.
Ethical approval
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Donmez, M., Cagiltay, K. Development of eye movement games for students with low vision: Single-subject design research. Educ Inf Technol 24, 295–305 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9771-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9771-x