Abstract
We propose a method of diagnosing analog circuits that is achieved by combining an operation-region model and an X–Y zoning method. The X–Y zoning method can be used to detect faults in analog circuits by using the relationship between circuit inputs and outputs. The operation-region model can be used to analyze/model circuit behaviors by utilizing changes in the operation regions of MOS transistors in a circuit. Operation regions are obtained from transistor node voltages at sampling time corresponding to a particular excitation of the input value and the corresponding output value. Since we developed a data processing method to handle data discretely, we could implement a procedure for diagnosis based on the preset test, which is a method of diagnosing digital circuits. We demonstrated the effectiveness of our method by applying it to ITC’97 benchmark circuits with hard and soft faults. We found that the diagnostic resolution is one for every fault.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
“Benchmark Circuits for Analog and Mixed Signal Testing,” http://www.coe.uncc.edu/~cestroud/ analgobc/mixtest.html.
M.A. Breuer and A.D. Friedman, Diagnosis & Reliable Design of Digital Systems, Maryland: Computer Science, 1976.
A.M. Brosa and J. Figueras, “Digital Signature Proposal for Mixed-Signal Circuits,” Proc. Int. Test Conf., pp. 1041–1050, 2000.
H.Y. Chang, E.G. Manning, and G. Metze, Fault Diagnosis of Digital Systems, New York: Wiley, 1970.
S. Cherubal and A. Chatterjee, “Parametric Fault Diagnosis for Analog Systems Using Functional Mapping,” Proc. Des. Autom. Test Eur., pp. 195–200, 1999.
É.F. Cota, L. Carro, and M. Lubaszewski, “A Method to Diagnose Faults in Linear Analog Circuits Using an Adaptive Testing,” Proc. Des. Autom. Test Eur., pp. 184–188, 1999.
B. Kaminska, K. Arabi, I. Bell, P. Goteti, J.L. Huertas, B. Kim, A. Rueda, and M. Soma, “Analog and Mixed-Signal Benchmark Circuits—First Release,” Proc. Int. Test Conf., pp. 183–190, 1997.
I. Koren and Z. Kohavi, “Sequential Fault Diagnosis in Combinational Networks,” IEEE Trans. Comput., vol. C-26, no. 4, pp. 334–342, April 1977.
L.S. Milor, “A Tutorial Introduction to Research on Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Testing,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst., 2 Analog Digit. Signal Process., vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 1389–1407, October 1998.
Y. Miura, “Fault Behavior and Change in Internal Condition of Mixed-Signal Circuits,” IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst., vol. E83–D, no. 4, pp. 943–945, April 2000.
Y. Miura, “A Novel Approach for Modeling Behavior of Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits Based on an Operation-Region Model,” Proc. Eur. Test Workshop 2002, pp. 215–217, 2002.
Y. Miura, “Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits by Operation-Region Model and X–Y Zoning Method,” Proc. 19th IEEE Int. Symp. Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems, pp. 230–238, 2004.
Y. Miura and D. Kato, “Analysis and Testing of Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits by an Operation-Region Model: A Case Study of Application and Implementation,” Proc. 18th IEEE Int. Symp. Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems, pp. 279–286, 2003.
R. Sanahuja, V. Barcons, L. Balado, and J. Figueras, “X–Y Zoning BIST: An FPAA Experiment,” 9th IEEE Int. Mixed-Signal Test Workshop, 2002.
M. Slamani and B. Kaminska, “Analog Circuit Fault Diagnosis Based on Sensitivity Computation and Functional Testing,” IEEE Des. Test Comput., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 30–39, March 1992.
M. Slamani and B. Kaminska, “Fault Observability Analysis of Analog Circuits in Frequency Domain,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst., 2 Analog Digit. Signal Process., vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 134–139, February 1996.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Editor: S. Mir
*This paper was presented in part at the IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems, 2004 and 2005.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Miura, Y. Proposal of Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits by Combining Operation-Region Model and X–Y Zoning Method: Case Study. J Electron Test 22, 411–423 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-006-9456-z
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-006-9456-z