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Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy: Automatic Extraction of Optic Disc and Exudates from Retinal Images using Marker-controlled Watershed Transformation

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Abstract

Due to increasing number of diabetic retinopathy cases, ophthalmologists are experiencing serious problem to automatically extract the features from the retinal images. Optic disc (OD), exudates, and cotton wool spots are the main features of fundus images which are used for diagnosing eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. In this paper, a new algorithm for the extraction of these bright objects from fundus images based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation is presented. The proposed algorithm makes use of average filtering and contrast adjustment as preprocessing steps. The concept of the markers is used to modify the gradient before the watershed transformation is applied. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using the test images of STARE and DRIVE databases. It is shown that the proposed method can yield an average sensitivity value of about 95%, which is comparable to those obtained by the known methods.

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Acknowledgment

This research work is supported by E-Science Project (No: 01-02-01-SF0025) sponsored by Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ahmed Wasif Reza & Kaharudin Dimyati

  2. Faculty of Information Technology, Multimedia University, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia

    C. Eswaran

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  1. Ahmed Wasif Reza
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  2. C. Eswaran
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  3. Kaharudin Dimyati
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Correspondence to Ahmed Wasif Reza.

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Reza, A.W., Eswaran, C. & Dimyati, K. Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy: Automatic Extraction of Optic Disc and Exudates from Retinal Images using Marker-controlled Watershed Transformation. J Med Syst 35, 1491–1501 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-009-9426-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-009-9426-y

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