Abstract
Patching is an efficient bandwidth-sharing technique for video-on-demand systems. In this environment, a client joins an on-going regular multicast to receive and cache the data in a local buffer. The server needs to send only the leading portion of the video in a patching stream. When the client finishes playing back the patching data, it continues the playback using the data already cached in the buffer. Although this strategy enables stream sharing without the service delay, the performance of Patching has limitation: as the time distance to the last regular multicast enlarges, the patching cost for new requests increases and eventually, a new regular multicast must be scheduled to balance the cost. In this paper, we address this problem by proposing a new technique called Double Patching. Our research is based on the observation that a patching stream can be shared by the video requests arriving in the next w p time units if it delivers an additional 2 · w p time units of video data. With these extra data, the patching cost for these requests can be dramatically reduced. In the new technique, a client uses no more than two download channels at any one time. Thus, its implementation cost is the same as that of the original Patching. As for its performance, our study shows that the improvement achieved by the proposed technique is significant. In many cases, Double Patching doubles the performance of the original Patching.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aggarwal CC, Wolf JL, Yu PS (1996a) A permutation-based pyramid broadcasting scheme for video-on-demand systems. In: Proc. of the IEEE Int’l Conf. on Multimedia Systems’96, Hiroshima, Japan
Aggarwal CC, Wolf JL, Yu PS (1996b) On optimal batching policies for video-on-demand storage servers. In: Proc. of the IEEE Int’l Conf. on Multimedia Systems’96, Hiroshima, Japan
Cai Y, Hua KA, Vu K (1999) Optimizing patching performance. In: Proc. of SPIE’s Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Networking (MMCN’99), San Jose, CA, USA, pp 204–216
Carter SW, Long DDE (1999) Improving bandwidth efficiency of video-on-demand servers. Comput Netw ISDN Syst 31(1):99–111
Dan A, Sitaram D, Shahabuddin P (1994) scheduling policies for an on-demand video server with batching. In: Proc. of ACM Multimedia, San Francisco, California, pp 15–23
Dan A, Sitaram D, Shahabuddin P (1996) Dynamic batching policies for an on-demand video server. Multimedia Syst 4(3):112–121
Eager D, Vernon M, Zahorjan J (1999) Optimal and efficient merging schedules for video-on-demand servers. In: Proc. ACM Multimedia’99, Orlando, FL, pp 199–202
Eager DL, Vernon MK, Zahorjan J (2001) Minimizing bandwidth requirements for on-demand data delivery. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 13(5):742–757
Gao L, Towsley D (1999) Supplying instantaneous video-on-demand services using controlled multicast. In: Proc. IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Florence, Italy, pp 117–121
Griwodz C, Liepert M, Zink M, Steinmetz R (1999) Tune to lambda patching. In: 2nd workshop on internet server performance (WISP’99), Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.
Hua KA, Sheu S (1997) Skyscraper broadcasting: A new broadcasting scheme for metropolitan video-on-demand systems. In: Proc. of the ACM SIGCOMM’97, Cannes, France
Hua KA, Cai Y, Sheu S (1998) Patching: A multicast technique for true video-on-demand services. In: Proc. of ACM Multimedia, Bristol, U.K., pp 191–200
Hua KA, Oh J-H, Vu K (2002) An adaptive video multicast scheme for varying workloads. ACM Multimedia Systems 8(4):258–269
Paris JF, Carter SW, Long DDE (1999) Efficient broadcasting protocols for video on demand. In: Proc. of SPIE’s Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Networking (MMCN’99), San Jose, CA, USA, pp 317–326
Sen S, Gao L, Rexford J, Towsley D (1999) Optimal patching schemes for efficient multimedia streaming. In: Proc. IEEE NOSSDAV’99, Basking Ridge, NJ, U.S.A.
Sheu S, Hua KA, Tavanapong W (1997a) Chaining: A generalized batching technique for video-on-demand. In: Proc. of the Int’l Conf. on Multimedia Computing and System, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, pp 110–117
Sheu S, Hua KA, Tavanapong W (1997b) Dynamic grouping: an efficient buffer management scheme for video-on-demand servers. In: Proc. of 2nd Int’l Conference on Multimedia Information Systems
Viswanathan S, Imielinski T (1996) Metropolitan area video-on-demand service using pyramid broadcasting. Multimedia Syst 4(4):179–208
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work is partially supported by National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0092914.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cai, Y., Tavanapong, W. & Hua, K.A. A double patching technique for efficient bandwidth sharing in video-on-demand systems. Multimed Tools Appl 32, 115–136 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-006-0049-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-006-0049-8