Abstract
This paper presents a new spatial compression method specifically designed for stereo videos. Different form current compressors, which simply apply known 2D compression techniques, the method proposed here was developed taking into account specificities of the components of the spatial compression process which may impact the correct depth visualization, named Chrominance Subsampling, Discrete WaveletTransform (DWT) and Quantization. Each component was evaluated analyzing where datalosses occur and proposing ways to provide a good balance between compression ratio and image quality, minimizing losses in depth perception. The evaluations were made using standard objective (PSNR) and subjective (DSCQS) metrics, applied to an anaglyphic stereoscopic video base. The results showedour method is competitive regarding compression rate and providessuperior image quality.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Parallax is defined as the change in the apparent location of an object or features as viewing position changes.
References
Acharya T, Tsai PS (2004) JPEG2000 Standard for Image Compression—Concepts, Algotithms and VLSI Architectures. Wiley, Hoboken
Dubois E (2001) A projection method to generate anaglyph stereo images. Proc IEEE Int Conf Acoust Speech Signal Process 3:1661–1664
Ebrahimi F, Chamik M, Winkler S (2004) JPEG vs. JPEG 2000: An Objective Comparison of Image Encoding Quality. Proceedings of SPIE
Gonzalez RC, Woods RE (2008) Digital Image Processing. Third Edition, Ed. Prentice Hall. ISBN: 013168728X
Hartman NW, Bertoline NW (2005) Spatial Abilities and Virtual Technologies: Examining the Computer Graphics Learning Environment, iv, pp.992–997, Ninth International Conference on Information Visualization (IV'05)
ITU-R (2002) ITU-R Recommendations BT-500.11 methodology for the subjective assessment for the Television Pictures. International Telecommunication Union
ITU-T (2008) ITU-T Recommendation J.247: Objective perceptual multimedia video quality measurement in the presence of a full reference. International Telecommunication Union
Kerr DA (2009) Chrominance Subsampling in Digital Images. Readings in Digital Photography, Issue 2, December 3
Konrad J, Halle M (2007) 3-D Displays and Signal Processing—An Answer to 3-D Ills?. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 24, No. 6
Mandal MK (2003) Multimedia Signals and Systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 1-4020-7270-8
Marziliano P, Dufaux F, Winkler S, Ebrahimi T (2004) Perceptual blur and ringing metrics: application to JPEG2000. Signal Process Image Commun 19:163–172
Matsuura F, Fujisawa N (2008) Anaglyph stereo visualization by the use of a single image and depth information. J Vis Arch 11(1):79–86
Mendiburu, B (2009) 3D Movie Making Stereoscopic Digital Cinema from Script to Screen. ISBN: 978-0-240-81137-6. Ed. Focal Press, Elsevier
Nayan MY, Edirisinghe EA, Bez HE (2002) Baseline JPEG-Like DWT CODEC for Disparity Compensated Residual Coding of Stereo Images. Proceedings of the 20th Eurographics UK Conference (EGUK.02)
Peinsipp-Byma E, Rehfeld N, Ecl R (2009) Evaluation of stereoscopic 3D displays for image analysis tasks. Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XX, Proceedings of SPIE Volume: 7237. ISBN: 9780819474872
Smolic A, Mueller K, Merkle P, Kauff P, Wiegand T (2009) An Overview of Available and Emerging 3D Video Formats and Depth Enhanced Stereo as Efficient Generic-Solution. Proceedings of the 27th conference on Picture Coding Symposium. Chicago
StereoGraphics Corporation (1997) Stereographics Developers Handbook: Background on Creating Images for CrystalEyes and SimulEyes
Su Y, Vetro A, Smolic A. (2006) Common Test Conditions for Multiview Video Coding. Joint Video Team (JVT) Doc. JVT-U211, Hangzhou, China
Thanapirom S, Fernando WAC, Edirisinghe EA (2005) Zerotree-based stereoscopic video CODEC. Opt Eng, 44 (7)
Tian D, Pandit P, Yin P, Gomilla C. (2007) Study of MVC coding tools. Joint Video Team (JVT) Doc. JVT-Y044. Shenzhen, China
Vetro A, Wiegand T, Sullivan G (2011) (2011) Overview of the Stereo and Multiview Video Coding Extensions of the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Standard. Proc IEEE 99:626–642
Wandell BA (1995) Foundations of vision. Sinauer Associates Inc, Sunderland
Wiegand T, Sullivan G (2003) Final draft international standard (FDIS) of joint video specification (ITU-T rec. H.264 ISO/IEC 14 496–10 AVC), Joint Video Team (JVT) of ITUT SG16/Q15 (VCEG) and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG1, Annex C, Pattaya, Thailand, Doc. JVTG050
Winkler S (2005) Digital Video Quality: Vision model and metrics. Wiley, England
Winkler S, Sharma A, McNally D (2001) Perceptual video quality and blockiness metrics for multimedia streaming applications, in Proc. International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications. Aalborg, Denmark, pp 547–552
Woods AJ, Harris CR (2010) Comparing levels of crosstalk with red/cyan, blue/yellow, and green/magenta anaglyph 3D glasses. In Proceedings of SPIE Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXI, vol. 7253, pp. 0Q1-0Q12
Woods AJ, Rourke T (2004) Ghosting in Anaglyphic Stereoscopic Images, presented at Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XV, published in Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XI, AJ Woods, Bolas MT., Merritt OJ, Benton SA, Editors, Proceedings of SPIE-IS&T Electronic Imaging, SPIE Vol. 5291, San Jose, California
Woods AJ, Yuen K-L (2006) Compatibility of LCD Monitors with Frame-Sequential Stereoscopic 3D Visualisation. (Invited Paper), in IMID/IDMC’06 Digest, (The 6th International Meeting on Information Display, and The 5th International Display Manufacturing Conference), pg 98–102, Daegu, South Korea
Woods AJ, Yuen K-L, Karvinen KS (2007) Characterizing crosstalk in anaglyphic stereoscopic images on LCD monitors and plasma displays. J Soc Inf Disp 15(11):889–898
Yun-Jeong (1996) Improved disparity estimation algorithm with MPEG-2’s scalability for stereoscopic sequences. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, v. 42, n. 3
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank FAPESP and CNPq Brazilian agencies for their financial support on this project.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
de Andrade, L.A., Zingarelli, M.R.U., Silva, R.R. et al. A new approach to spatial compression of stereoscopic videos. Multimed Tools Appl 71, 1673–1697 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1300-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1300-0