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A selective image encryption based on square-wave shuffling with orthogonal polynomials transformation suitable for mobile devices

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Abstract

In this paper, a selective image encryption algorithm based on square-wave shuffling in the orthogonal polynomials domain is proposed. This algorithm is adaptive to the user device’s computing power, as it can operate in the spatial/frequency/hybrid domain. Simultaneous confusion and diffusion is performed on important regions, while in unimportant regions, shuffling is conducted; chaotic maps are used for both. To obtain the encrypted image, a new shuffling method, called square-wave shuffling, is proposed and applied. Extensive experiments have been conducted in PCs and in smart-phones with the Android programming environment. Its suitability to these devices is verified, and the superiority of the proposed method in comparison to other contemporary methods is also reported.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vision Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

    R. Krishnamoorthi & P. Murali

Authors
  1. R. Krishnamoorthi
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  2. P. Murali
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Krishnamoorthi.

Appendix A

Appendix A

Spectral Distortion (SD)

It is defined as the spectral similarity between the images. The mathematical formula is defined as

$$ SD\left(x,y\right)=\frac{1}{MN}{\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^M{\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^N{x}_{i,j}-{y}_{i,j}}} $$
(31)

where M, N denote the total number of pixels in the image, and x i,j and y i,j denote the original image and encrypted image, respectively. The higher value of SD denotes the complete difference of the images.

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Krishnamoorthi, R., Murali, P. A selective image encryption based on square-wave shuffling with orthogonal polynomials transformation suitable for mobile devices. Multimed Tools Appl 76, 1217–1246 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-3027-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-3027-1

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