Abstract
In this paper, we first build a mobile cloud platform that users can upload multi-focus images or download full-focus images through the 5G network. Then we design a method named Region Mosaicking on Contrast Pyramid (RMCP) for image fusion on the cloud platform. In the RMCP method, we apply the Sum-Modified-Laplacian to measure the focus of the multi-focus image, and use the density-based region growth algorithm to segment the focus region mask for each image. Finally, the mask is decomposed into a mask pyramid to monitor the mosaic region of the contrast pyramid. The experimental results show that RMCP based on 5G network outperforms other methods. In addition, RMCP is suitable for mobile devices.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agarwala A, Dontcheva M, Agrawala M, Drucker S (2004) Interactive digital photomontage. ACM Trans Graph (TOG) 23(3):294–302
Chen HY, Leou JJ (2012) Multispectral and multiresolution image fusion using particle swarm optimization. Multimedia Tools and Applications 60(3):495–518
Contributors JE, RattÁ GA, Vega J, Murari A (2007) Image fusion: advances in the state of the art. Information Fusion 8(2):114–118
Dev D, Baishnab KL (2014) A review and research towards mobile cloud computing. In: IEEE international conference on mobile cloud computing, services, and engineering. IEEE Computer Society, pp 252–256
Ding G, Wu Q, Yao YD (2013) Kernel-based learning for statistical signal processing in cognitive radio networks: theoretical foundations, example applications, and future directions. IEEE Signal Proc Mag 30(4):126–136
Ding G, Wang J, Wu Q (2016) Cellular-base-station-assisted device-to-device communications in TV white space. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 34(1):107–121
Dong YB, Li MJ, Li J (2014) Image fusion algorithm based on contrast pyramid and its performance evaluation. Appl Mech Mater 525:711–714
Eckhorn R, Reitboeck HJ, Arndt M, Dicke P (2014) Feature linking via synchronization among distributed assemblies: simulations of results from cat visual cortex. Neural Comput 2(3):293–307
Gupta N, Agarwal A (2015) Context aware mobile cloud computing: review. In: International conference on computing for sustainable global development, pp 1061–1065
Han SH, Kim HW, Park BK, Heo YA, Jeong YS (2016) Efficient semantic image processing mechanism for automatic context-aware based on cloud infrastructure. Advanced multimedia and ubiquitous engineering
Hariharan H, Koschan A, Abidi M (2007) An adaptive focal connectivity algorithm for multifocus fusion. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2007. CVPR ‘07, pp 1–6
Huang W, Jing Z (2007) Evaluation of focus measures in multi-focus image fusion. Pattern Recogn Lett 28(4):493–500
Hung SH, Shih CS, Shieh JP, Lee CP, Huang YH (2012) Executing mobile applications on the cloud: framework and issues. Computers & Mathematics with Applications 63(2):573–587
Ji X, Zhang G (2015) Image fusion method of sar and infrared image based on curvelet transform with adaptive weighting. Multimed Tools Appl 76(17):1–17
Kitanov S, Janevski T (2014) State of the art: mobile cloud computing. In: Sixth international conference on computational intelligence, communication systems and networks, pp 153–158
Kubota A, Aizawa K (2005) Reconstructing arbitrarily focused images from two differently focused images using linear filters. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing A Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society 14(11):1848–1859
Kumar R, Rajalakshmi S (2014) Mobile cloud computing: standard approach to protecting and securing of mobile cloud ecosystems. In: International conference on computer sciences and applications, pp 663–669
Lathey A, Atrey PK (2015) Image enhancement in encrypted domain over cloud. ACM Trans Multimed Comput Commun Appl 11(3):1–24
Lee K, Kang S (2015) Evaluation of geo-based image fusion on mobile cloud environment using histogram similarity analysis. The Korean Society Of Remote Sensing 31(1):1–9
Lei J, Wu M, Zhang C, Wu F, Ling N, Hou C (2017) Depth-preserving stereo image retargeting based on pixel fusion. IEEE Trans Multimedia 19(7):1442–1453
Leung Y, Liu J, Zhang J (2013) An improved adaptive intensity–hue–saturation method for the fusion of remote sensing images. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett 11 (5):985–989
Li S, Yang B (2008) Multifocus image fusion using region segmentation and spatial frequency. Image Vis Comput 26(7):971–979
Li W, Na Y (2011) Medical image fusion based on cloud computing and content analysis. Electron Sci Technol 3:008
Li H, Wei S, Yi C (2012) Multifocus image fusion scheme based on feature contrast in the lifting stationary wavelet domain. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2012(1):39
Li MJ, Dong YB, Wang XL (2014) Image fusion algorithm based on gradient pyramid and its performance evaluation. Appl Mech Mater 525:715–718
Li J, Li X, Yang B, Sun X (2017) Segmentation-based image copy-move forgery detection scheme. IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur 10(3):507–518
Lin Y, Wang C, Ma C, Dou Z, Ma X (2016) A new combination method for multisensor conflict information. J Supercomput 72(7):2874–2890
Lin Y, Wang C, Wang J, Dou Z (2016) A novel dynamic spectrum access framework based on reinforcement learning for cognitive radio sensor networks. Sensors 16(10):1675
Liu C, Jin L, Tao H, Li G, Zhuang Z, Zhang Y (2014) Multi-focus image fusion based on spatial frequency in discrete cosine transform domain. IEEE Signal Process Lett 22(2):220–224
Nakagawa Y, Nayar SK (1994) Shape from focus. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 16(8):824–831
Paul S, Sevcenco IS, Agathoklis P (2016) Multi-exposure and multi-focus image fusion in gradient domain. Journal of Circuits Systems & Computers 25(10):1650123
Saha A, Bhatnagar G, Wu QMJ (2013) Mutual spectral residual approach for multifocus image fusion. Digital Signal Process 23(4):1121–1135
Singh RR, Mishra R (2015) Benefits of dual tree complex wavelet transform over discrete wavelet transform for image fusion. International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology 1(11):259–263
Thakur PK, Verma A (2015) Review on various techniques of energy saving in mobile cloud computing. In: Fifth international conference on advanced computing & communication technologies. IEEE, pp 530–533
Tian J, Chen L (2010) Multi-focus image fusion using wavelet-domain statistics. In: IEEE international conference on image processing, vol 119, pp 1205–1208
Vani M, Saravanakumar S (2015) Multi focus and multi modal image fusion using wavelet transform. In: International conference on signal processing, communication and networking, pp 1–6
Wang W, Chang F (2011) A multi-focus image fusion method based on laplacian pyramid. Journal of Computers 6(12):2559–2566
Wang Z, Bovik AC, Sheikh HR, Simoncelli EP (2004) Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing A Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society 13(4):600–612
Wang Z, Ma Y, Gu J (2010) Multi-focus image fusion using PCNN. Pattern Recogn 43(6):2003–2016
Wang R, Xu B, Zeng P, Zhang X (2012) Multi-focus image fusion for enhancing fiber microscopic images. Text Res J 82(4):352–361
Yang B, Li S (2010) Multifocus image fusion and restoration with sparse representation. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 59(4):884–892
Zhang B, Zhang C, Liu Y, Wu J, He L (2014) Multi-focus image fusion algorithm based on compound pcnn in surfacelet domain. Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics 125(1):296–300
Zheng Y, Byeungwoo J, Xu D, Wu QMJ, Hui Z (2015) Image segmentation by generalized hierarchical fuzzy c-means algorithm. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 28(2):4024–4028
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by project of NSFC of China (61472096, 61771154, 61501132, 61370084, 61202455, 61301095), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M591515).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, J., Wang, W., Zhang, K. et al. A multi-focus image fusion algorithm in 5G communications. Multimed Tools Appl 78, 28537–28556 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-5790-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-5790-2