Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

An efficient networking protocol for internet of things to handle multimedia big data

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, the emergence of multimedia big data (MBD) due to the excessive use of mobile Internet of Things (ioT) is imposing various challenges to develop efficient communication with the digital world. In this aspect, Mobile Adhoc Network based IoT (MANET-IoT) system is becoming popular due to its greater mobility support and cost-effective nature. A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) consists of randomly placed, battery-powered, moving nodes without an infrastructure that can administer and control traffic in the IoT network. In the MANET-IoT network, the major problems include energy consumption and congestion control to handle MBD data. In this paper, we present two proposals for solving these problems. In the first proposal, a new clustering approach that depends on a well-known protocol called the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) been used in a wireless sensor network (WSN) with modification to adapt to the MANET-IoT’s mobility. Our proposal for applying LEACH to a MANET-IoT consists of rounds, each containing three ordered phases as follows: (1) the announcement phase, in which all nodes announce their remaining energy and the node with the original message also announces itself; (2) the setup phase, in which all cluster heads are selected based on the probability factor with a cycling method; and (3) the steady state phase, in which message delivery to all nodes occurs using several types of links. The second proposal is to provide congestion control for all mobile nodes by link utilization that can support different data rates depending on the link status. Simulation results comparing our modified LEACH protocol to state-of-the-art protocols with utilized links show a great enhancement in energy consumption, received data, throughput, and delay.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Agarwal R, Motwanet M (2009) Survey of clustering algorithms for MANET. Int J Comput Sci Eng 1(2):98–104

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alameri IA (2018) MANETS and internet of things: the development of a data routing algorithm. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8(1):2604–2608

    Google Scholar 

  3. Al-Turjman F (2018) Multimedia-enabled sensors in IoT: data delivery and traffic modelling. CRC Press, USA

  4. Arshad S, Azam MA, Rehmani MH, Loo J (2018) Recent advances in information-centric networking based Internet of Things (ICN-IoT). IEEE Internet Things J. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2018.2873343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Arvind S, Prasad G (2013) Enhancement of network life time using binary tree based multicast routing protocol for mobile Ad Hoc network. Global J Comp Sci Technol 13(10-E)

  6. Balakrishna R, Hussain Z (2013) A survey on Manets-types, characteristics, applications and protocols used. In: Balakrishna R, Naveen L, Nandish UG (eds) National Conference on Frontiers and Advances in Information Science and Technology FAIST13; 23–24 May, 2013. RRCE, Bangalore

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bellavista P, Cardone G, Corradi A, Foschini L (2013) Convergence of MANET and WSN in IoT urban scenarios. IEEE Sensors J 13(10):3558–3567. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2013.227209

  8. Bruzgiene R, Narbutaite L, Adomkus T (2017) MANET network in internet of things system. In ad hoc networks. InTechOpen Ch-5. https://doi.org/10.5772/66408

    Google Scholar 

  9. Fan S et al (2014) Improvement of cluster-head selection mechanism based on LEACH protocol in wireless sensor networks. Appl Mech Mater 989-994:4373–4276

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hnini A, Fihri M, Ezzati A, Hajami A, Hanini M (2015) W-LEACH-Mobile: an enhanced mobile protocol with a decentralized way in wireless sensor network. Journal of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology 80(3):500–509

    Google Scholar 

  11. ITU-T/Recommendation Y.2060. Overview of the Internet of Things [Internet]. 2012–06. Available from: http://www.itu.int/itu-t/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=Y.2060. Accessed: 2016-06-10

  12. Javed F, Afzal MK, Sharif M, Kim BS (2018) Internet of things (IoTs) operating systems support, networking technologies, applications, and challenges: a comparative review. IEEE Commun Surv Tutorials 20(3):2062–2100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kazerooni AA, Jelodar H, Aramideh J (2015) Leach and heed clustering algorithms in wireless sensor networks: a qualitative study. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal 9(25):7–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Li G, Xu Y (2013) A TCP-friendly congestion control scheme for multicast with network coding. J Comput Inf Syst 9(21):8541–8548

  15. Lin-Feng L, Ping G, Juan Z, Ning L (2014) An improved LEACH protocol in wireless sensor networks. Appl Mech Mater 743:748–752

    Google Scholar 

  16. Manjul M, Mishra R (2013) Link utilization based multicast congestion control. Commun Netw 5(3C):649–653

  17. Afsar MM, Tayarani-N MH (2014) Clustering in sensor networks: a literature survey. J Netw Comput Appl 46:198–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Miao YM (2015) Cluster-head election algorithm for wireless sensor networks based on LEACH protocol. Appl Mech Mater 738-739:19–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sharma P, Verma PK, Singh S (2014) Modification in leach algorithm for energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks: a survey. Int J Adv Res Comput Sci 5(5):237–241

  20. Wang NC, Chen YL, Cheng CH, Chiang YK, Wang YY (2013) Improving TCP performance with fast adaptive congestion control during soft vertical handoff. Telecommun Syst 52(1):97–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through research group no (RGP- 1437-35).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11543, Saudi Arabia

    Bandar H. Al-Qarni, Ahmad Almogren & Mohammad Mehedi Hassan

Authors
  1. Bandar H. Al-Qarni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ahmad Almogren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mohammad Mehedi Hassan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Mehedi Hassan.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Al-Qarni, B.H., Almogren, A. & Hassan, M.M. An efficient networking protocol for internet of things to handle multimedia big data. Multimed Tools Appl 78, 30039–30056 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6883-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6883-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation