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A difference matching technique for data embedment based on absolute moment block truncation coding

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Abstract

In this paper, an optimized data embedding method based on Huang et al.’s work for absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) is proposed. Huang et al.’s work successfully exploits the difference of quantization levels (QLs) for data embedment and has an excellent embedding performance. However, the modified QLs are not adjusted to minimize the distortion. In some rare cases, they might exceed the grayscale range. Moreover, the order of QLs in smooth blocks is not utilized for data embedment, losing the chance to embed one additional bit without deteriorating the image block. We propose a method to give analytical solutions to adjust QLs such that the distortions in both smooth and complex blocks are minimized. A subtle mechanism is also provided to ensure that no QLs will overflow or underflow. Moreover, the order of QLs is utilized in data embedment to further increase the payload without sacrificing the image quality. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method offers a better image quality over Huang et al.’s and other state-of-the-art works while providing a comparable or larger payload.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by National NSF of China (Nos. 61872095, 61872128, 61571139, 61201393), New Star of Pearl River on Science and Technology of Guangzhou (No. 2014J2200085).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Wien Hong & Yizhen Li

  2. School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China

    Shaowei Weng

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  1. Wien Hong
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  2. Yizhen Li
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  3. Shaowei Weng
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Correspondence to Shaowei Weng.

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Hong, W., Li, Y. & Weng, S. A difference matching technique for data embedment based on absolute moment block truncation coding. Multimed Tools Appl 78, 13987–14006 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6983-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6983-4

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