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Models for availability and power consumption evaluation of a private cloud with VMM rejuvenation enabled by VM Live Migration

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Abstract

Software aging affects the availability of Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), one of the main components of virtualized environments. Software aging causes internal software degradation due to bugs activation and accumulation during its execution. Software rejuvenation implemented through Virtual Machine (VM) Live Migration may be applied to cope with software aging effects on cloud computing system. Another relevant problem is the power consumption of using software rejuvenation techniques in the virtualized environments. This paper presents availability models based on Stochastic Petri Nets to evaluate two VM Live Migration approaches. These approaches are based on the redundancy schemes: Warm-Standby and Cold-Standby. In the Cold-Standby migration, the migration target machine is started only before the VM Live Migration. In the Warm-Standby Migration, the migration target machine runs along with the source migration machine. Results show that VM Live Migration causes a significant improvement in system availability. Scenarios with a heavy workload present an annual downtime reduction of 164 h. The availability comparison between two approaches reveals that the Cold-Standby approach has a slightly better result due to the decrease in the total number of VM Live Migrations. The power consumption results show that Cold-Standby approach is more efficient in power consumption. In all the observed scenarios, the costs savings by using Cold-Standby approach exceed 40%. The highlights of this paper are: i) a comprehensive model for availability evaluation of cloud computing with VMM rejuvenation through VM migration scheduling; ii) sensitivity analysis to define proper rejuvenation scheduling to maximize system availability and iii) power consumption comparison of the two adopted migration approaches.

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Notes

  1. CS PA \(\rightarrow \) Cold-Standby Migration peak availability, WS PA \(\rightarrow \) Warm-Standby Migration peak availability.

  2. Dell Server PowerEdge 1850 with two Xeon 800FSB processors, 8 GB of RAM.

Abbreviations

CRAC:

Computer Room Air Conditioner

PM:

Physical machine

SPN:

Stochastic Petri Net

SRN:

Stochastic Reward Net

TTARF:

Time to Aging-Related Failure

UPS:

Uninterruptible Power Supply

VM:

Virtual Machine

VM:

Virtual Machine Monitor

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Institute of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil

    Matheus Torquato

  2. Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    I M Umesh

  3. Center of Informatics - Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Paulo Maciel

Authors
  1. Matheus Torquato
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  2. I M Umesh
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  3. Paulo Maciel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matheus Torquato.

Appendix A. A brief description of TimeNET tool

Appendix A. A brief description of TimeNET tool

This description is based on the paper [52].

TimeNET is a tool for modeling and evaluation of several variants of SPNs. It allows the user to calculate reward measures from the models. It also supports evaluation of models with exponential, deterministic and non-exponential transitions. The tool provides numerical analysis and simulation methods to compute transient and steady-state solutions for the models. TimeNET also supports Colored Petri Nets.

The software is built using a Java graphical interface, shell scripts and C++ algorithms. The tool is available on 32- and 64-bit versions for Windows and Linux.

TimeNET tool is developed and maintained by the Systems and Software Engineering Group, TU Ilmenau, Germany. It is available free of charge for non-commercial use from http://timenet.tu-ilmenau.de/.

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Torquato, M., Umesh, I.M. & Maciel, P. Models for availability and power consumption evaluation of a private cloud with VMM rejuvenation enabled by VM Live Migration. J Supercomput 74, 4817–4841 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-018-2485-4

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