Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Selective packet dropping for VoIP and TCP flows

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The adoption of the IP protocol for serving diverse applications arises the need for mechanisms to prevent network congestion in scenarios with different traffic types (responsive and unresponsive) sharing limited network resources. To deal with this issue, a number of algorithms for active queue management (AQM) have been proposed. However, most of them do not observe the traffic type and usually disregard this knowledge. In this way, the provided service could not comply with the distinctive requirements of the different type of traffic, such as VoIP services, which demand bounded packet latency and loss rate.

This paper proposes a new approach to be applied for preventing network congestion in AQM routers. Our scheme includes a procedure for selecting the packet to be dropped that improves the fairness among different classes of flows. We evaluate the use of this approach on distinct AQM schemes in scenarios with different degrees of UDP and TCP traffic mix. Objective and subjective performance measurements are reported. The experimental evaluation indicates that our approach improves the fairness among different traffic classes without using any packet scheduler. In fact, it also improves the VoIP traffic performance in terms of packet dropping probability, MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and intelligibility. We also show that our approach has no negative impact on the packet delay. Moreover, it is not achieved at the expense of TCP responsive traffic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Floyd, S., & Jacobson, V. (1993). Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

  2. Reguera, V. A., Álvarez Paliza, F. F., Godoy, W.  Jr., & García Fernández, E. M. (2008). Computer Communications, 31, 73–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hashem, E. (1989). Analysis of random drop for gateway congestion control. MIT-LCS-TR-465.

  4. Jain, R., Ramakrishnan, K. K., & Chiu, D. (1988). Congestion avoidance in computer networks with a connectionless network layer. In Proceedings of SIGCOMM ’88.

  5. Floyd, S., Gummadi, R., & Shenker, S. (2001). Adaptive RED: An algorithm for increasing the robustness of RED’s active queue management. Available from: http://www.icir.org/floyd/papers/adaptiveRed.pdf, August 1, 2001.

  6. Jinsheng, S., Ko, K.-T., Guanrong, C., Chan, S., & Zukerman, M. (2003). PD-RED: to improve the performance of RED. Communications Letters, IEEE, 7, 406–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hadjadj Aoul, Y., Mehaoua, A., & Skianis, C. (2007). A fuzzy logic-based AQM for real-time traffic over Internet. Computer Networks, 51, 4617–4633.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kunniyur, S., & Srikant, R. (2004). An adaptive virtual queue (AVQ) algorithm for active queue management. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 12, 286–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wydrowski, B., & Zukerman, M. (2002). GREEN: an active queue management algorithm for a self managed Internet. In Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications, ICC’2002 (Vol. 4, pp. 2368–2372), April 2002.

  10. Athuraliya, S., Low, S. H., Li, V. H., & Qinghe, Y. (2001). REM: active queue management. IEEE Network Magazine, 15(3), 48–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Sun, J., & Zukerman, M. (2007). RaQ: a robust active management scheme based on rate and queue length. Computer Communications, 30, 1731–1741.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lin, D., & Morris, R. (1997). Dynamics of random early detection. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM ’97 (pp. 127–137).

  13. Pan, R., Breslau, L., Prabhakar, B., & Schenker, S. Approximate fairness through differential dropping. Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communications Review, 33(2), 23–39.

  14. Chung, J., & Claypool, M. Dynamic-CBT and ChIPS- Router support for improved multimedia performance on the Internet (Tech. Rep.). Computer Science, Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Available from: http://web.cs.wpi.edu/claypool/papers/dcbt-chips/.

  15. Stoica, I., Shenker, S., & Zhang, H. (1998). Core-stateless fair queuing: achieving approximately fair bandwidth allocations in high speed networks. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM.

  16. Cao, Z., Wang, Z., & Zegura, E. (2000). Rainbow fair queuing: fair bandwidth sharing without per-flow state. In Proceedings of INFOCOM (pp. 922–931).

  17. Chan, S., Kok, C., & Wong, A. K. (2005). Multimedia streaming gateway with jitter detection. Proceedings of Transactions on Multimedia, 7(3), 585–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Phirke, V., Claypool, M., & Kinicki, R. (2002). RED-Worcester traffic sensitive active queue management. In Proceedings of 10th IEEE international conference on network protocols. Available from: http://csdl2.computer.org/comp/proceedings/icnp/2002/1856/00/18560194.pdf.

  19. Pan, R., Prabhaker, B., & Psounis, K. (2000). CHOKe: a stateless active queue management scheme for approximating fair bandwidth allocation. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM ’00 (pp. 942–951).

  20. Yamaguchi, T., & Takahashi, Y. (2007). A queue management algorithm for Fair bandwidth allocation. Computer Communications, 30, 2048–2059.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Perkins, C., Hodson, O., & Hardman, V. (1998). A survey of packet-loss recovery techniques for streaming audio. In Proceedings of IEEE Network (pp. 40–48).

  22. Yin, N., & Hluchyj, M. G. (1993). Implication of dropping packets from the front of a queue. Proceedings of IEEE Transactions on Communications, 41(6), 846–851.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Lakshman, T. V., Neidhardt, A., & Ott, T. J. (1996). The drop from front strategy in TCP and in TCP over ATM. New York: IEEE.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Network Simulator ns2. Available from: http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/.

  25. Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., & Jacobson, V. (2003). Rfc3550 RTP: A transport protocol for real-time applications, July 2003.

  26. ITU-T, Recommendation, G. 711, Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies.

  27. Iacovoni, G., Morsa, S., Parisi, D., & Pierotti, D. (2002). Broadband FRA scenario and traffic modeling. Information Society Technologies.

  28. Liu, S. G., Wang, P. J., & Qu, L. J. (2005). Modeling and Simulation of self similar data traffic. In Proceedings of the fourth international conference on machine learning and cybernetics (pp. 3921–3925).

  29. Fomenkov, M., Keys, K., Moore, D., & Claffy, K. (2004). Longitudinal study of Internet traffic in 1998–2003. In Proceedings ACM international conference (Vol. 58).

  30. ITU-T, Recommendation, G.107, The E-model, a computational model for use in transmission planning, March 2005.

  31. Cole, R. G., & Rosenbluth, J. H. (2001). Voice over IP performance monitoring. Proceedings of SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 31(2), 9–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Ramos-Muñoz, J. J., Lopez-Soler, J. M., & Gomez, A. M. (2005). Intelligibility evaluation of a VoIP multi-flow block interleaver. In Proceedings of IFIP IWAN, Sophia-Antipolis France, November 2005.

  33. Jiang, W., & Schulzrinne, H. (2002). Speech recognition performance as an effective perceived quality predictor. In Tenth IEEE international workshop on quality of service (pp. 269–275).

  34. Hirsch, H. G., & Pearce, D. (2000). The AURORA experimental framework for the performance evaluation of speech recognition systems under noisy conditions. In Proceedings of ISCA ITRW ASR: automatic speech recognition: challenges for the next millennium (pp. 181–188).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ETSI Informática y de Telecomunicación, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Erika P. Alvarez-Flores, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras & Juan M. Lopez-Soler

Authors
  1. Erika P. Alvarez-Flores
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Juan J. Ramos-Munoz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pablo Ameigeiras
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Juan M. Lopez-Soler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juan M. Lopez-Soler.

Additional information

This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Science and Innovations Ministry (MICINN) Project TIN2009-13992-C02-02, and by the University of Granada (SPAIN)—Plan Propio 2009.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Alvarez-Flores, E.P., Ramos-Munoz, J.J., Ameigeiras, P. et al. Selective packet dropping for VoIP and TCP flows. Telecommun Syst 46, 1–16 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-009-9252-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-009-9252-z

Search

Navigation