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On stability analysis of virtual backbone in mobile ad hoc networks

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Abstract

Service discovery architectures and cluster-assisted routing protocols in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) heavily use formation and maintenance of a virtual backbone (VB), where the most stable mobile nodes with higher node degree are dynamically selected as the backbone nodes. In this paper we present a novel analytic model for VB stability in MANETs. The model employs the dynamics of node movements, where link creation/failure is modeled via a random walk with probabilistic state-transition matrix. The backbone formation algorithm gives preference to the nodes with the smaller number of link changes and the higher degree. Therefore, the link arrivals and departures determine the probability (and thus the expected time) for a mobile node to leave, join, or remain in the backbone, i.e., the stability of a dynamic structure of VB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical Engineering Dept., CCNY, The City University of New York, USA

    İbrahim Hökelek & M. Ümit Uyar

  2. Applied Research Area, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., Piscataway, NJ, USA

    Mariusz A. Fecko

Authors
  1. İbrahim Hökelek
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  2. M. Ümit Uyar
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  3. Mariusz A. Fecko
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Additional information

Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications & Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Lab under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon.

Mr. İbrahim Hokelek received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, in 2000 and 2002, respectively. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the Graduate Center, the City University of New York (CUNY). At CUNY, Mr. Hokelek has been working as a research assistant at U.S. Army and National Science Foundation funded projects on mobile ad hoc networks. He was an Intern at Telcordia Technologies, Inc., Piscataway, New Jersey in Summer 2004 and Summer 2005, and has been working as a graduate co-op at Telcordia since September 2005. He received full scholarships during his undergraduate and M.S. studies at Bilkent University. Mr. Hokelek’s research interests include wireless mobile ad hoc networks, network reliability, distributed mobile robotics, and traffic engineering in backbone networks.

Dr. Uyar is currently with the City College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. Dr. Uyar’s interests are in the testing and reliability of computer and communication networks and protocols. Dr. Uyar was a Co-Principal Investigator for two multi-million dollar grants from U.S. Army Research Labs, awarded to the City University of New York. He was a Distinguished Member of Technical Staff at AT & T Bell Labs until 1993. In Bell Labs, he received a Vice Presidential Quality Award for co-designing software tools, three AT&T Bell Labs Vice Presidential Research Appreciation Awards, and a Best Paper Award in AT&T Electronic Testing Conference. He was granted “Docent” title by the National University Council of Turkey in 1992. He was the co-chair of the 18th IFIP Int’l. Conference on Testing of Communicating Systems (Testcom 2006), 6th Int’l. Conference on Formal Description Techniques (Forte 1993), and the 12th Int’l. Symposium on Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification (PSTV 1992). He co-edited the book titled “Conformance Testing Methodologies and Architectures for OSI Protocols,” published by the IEEE Computer Society Press. Dr. Uyar holds three U.S. patents. Dr. Uyar has a B.S. degree from Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, all in Electrical Engineering.

Mariusz A. Fecko received M.S. degrees in both Electronics and Computer Science from AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland; and M.S. and Ph.D. in Computer and Information Sciences from the University of Delaware. At UD he jointly developed formal testing methodologies for US Army radio-network protocols. In 2000, Mariusz joined Applied Research at Telcordia Technologies, Inc., New Jersey. He improved the quality of telecom clearinghouses such as Exchange Link/WNP through a novel use of XML technologies. Mariusz serves as Principal Investigator in ARL Collaborative Technology Alliance in wireless networks, and has been a key member of the MOSAIC and PILSNER teams, designing communications technologies for wireless on-the-move networks. He received three Telcordia CEO Team Awards for winning new business. He co-chaired the 18th IFIP Int’l Conf. Testing Communicating Systems (TestCom’06)

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Hökelek, İ., Uyar, M.Ü. & Fecko, M.A. On stability analysis of virtual backbone in mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Netw 14, 87–102 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-006-7831-4

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