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Neighbor initiated approach for avoiding deaf and hidden node problems in directional MAC protocol for ad-hoc networks

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Abstract

In this paper we propose a MAC called “Neighbor Initiated Approach for avoiding Deaf and Hidden node problems in directional MAC protocol for Ad Hoc networks”, which takes advantage of the multi beam smart antennas. Through the antenna, a node can simultaneously transmit/receive a packet to/from all the directions around it. Thus the antenna switches itself in transmission and reception mode. In our scheme all transmission and reception will be directional. We discussed the hidden and deaf node problems with directional MAC and proposed the scheme to overcome those shortcomings. Our scheme has been inspired by the IEEE 802.11, which includes a new scheme to inform its neighbors who was deaf due to other communication. Moreover, the simultaneous transmission of the RTS/CTS through it’s all beams prevent the hidden node problem. In our scheme the idle nodes stay in reception mode for sensing the channel through its M non overlapping beams, as a substitute of omnidirectional antenna. It prevents the hidden node problem due to asymmetry in gain. We have simulated our scheme by OPNET 16.0, and compared our results with CDR MAC, DMAC and IEEE 802.11 protocols. Our results show that NIADH performs better than that of the existing protocols in majority of the scenarios.

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Abbreviations

ACK:

Acknowledgement

CCTS:

Circular CTS

CDR MAC:

Circular directional RTS MAC

CRTS:

Circular RTS

CTS:

Clear to send

DCF:

Distributed coordinate function

DCTS:

Directional CTS

DMAC:

Directional MAC

DNAV:

Directional network allocation vector

DRTS:

Directional RTS

MAC:

Medium access control

MBSA:

Multi beam smart antenna

NIADH:

Neighbor initiated approach for avoiding deaf and hidden node problems in directional MAC protocol for Ad Hoc networks

NIP:

Neighbor information packet

OPNET:

Optimized network engineering tools

RTS:

Request to send

SINR:

Signal to interference and noise ratio

WLAN:

Wireless local area network

WTS:

Wait to send

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MEST, No.2010-0018116).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UWB Communications Research Center, Inha University, 6-142, 253, Yong-hyun-dong, Nam-Gu, 402-751, South Korea

    Md. Nasre Alam, Md. Asdaque Hussain & Kyung Sup Kwak

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  1. Md. Nasre Alam
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  2. Md. Asdaque Hussain
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  3. Kyung Sup Kwak
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Correspondence to Kyung Sup Kwak.

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Alam, M.N., Hussain, M.A. & Kwak, K.S. Neighbor initiated approach for avoiding deaf and hidden node problems in directional MAC protocol for ad-hoc networks. Wireless Netw 19, 933–943 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-012-0510-8

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