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Fault Tolerant Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Networks

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Abstract

The primary objective of the cognitive radio network (CRN) is to improve the spectrum utilization and achieve significant packet delivery ratio (PDR). However, CRN is high failure prone due to the node mobility and primary user (PU) interference. This article presents a robust routing protocol to handle failure during data transmission in CRN. In this protocol, each node maintains a list of candidates for next hop and orders them based on common channels. Most of the existing routing protocols trigger the rerouting on detection of the link failure, while our protocol uses the alternate link (forwarding node) to transmit data rather than rerouting. Thus, it achieves significant PDR with a controlled end to end delay. Finally, the performance of protocol has been evaluated through extensive simulation experiments. The simulation results conform that our protocol is robust and guarantee higher data delivery despite PU interference as compared to existing protocols.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, 136119, India

    Santosh Kumar & Awadhesh Kumar Singh

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  1. Santosh Kumar
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  2. Awadhesh Kumar Singh
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Correspondence to Santosh Kumar.

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Appendix

Appendix

Theorem

The protocol guarantees loop freedom.

Proof

We prove it by contradiction. Say, there exists a path that contains a loop. Thus, we may infer that some packet pi visited a node ni more than once. As per our protocol, each packet maintains a dynamic list (PT) of visited nodes and next hop node is selected from the nodes excluding the elements of PT. Since pi visited ni more than once, ni was selected by pi as next hop node just before the subsequent visit to ni despite node ni being present in PT. It is a contradiction. Therefore, the initial assumption is infeasible, and theorem holds.

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Kumar, S., Singh, A.K. Fault Tolerant Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 107, 679–694 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06296-z

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