Skip to main content
Log in

Hybrid Dispersion Compensating Modules: A Better Solution for Mitigating Four-Wave Mixing Effects

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Four-wave mixing effects mitigation techniques in wavelength division multiplexing systems which utilize hybrid configurations of dispersion compensating devices like dispersion compensating fiber, fiber bragg grating and optical phase conjugator are presented in this paper. These configurations have been simulated and the output results have been compared to find out the best alternative for four-wave mixing mitigation purpose. The comparison is carried out on the basis of parametric analysis and optimized parameter values. Optimization of important parameters has been done keeping a constraint on values of quality factor and minimum bit error rate values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ahmed, J., Ashiq, H., Siyal, M. Y., Manzoor, H., & Massod, A. (2014). Parametric analysis of four-wave mixing in DWDM system. Optik, 125, 1853–1859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Betti, S., Giaconi, M., & Nardini, M. (2003). Effect of four-wave mixing on WDM optical systems: A statistical analysis. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 15(8), 1079–1081.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Agrawal, G. P. (2000). Nonlinear fiber optics (Chap. 10) (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Singh, P., & Singh, N. (2007). Nonlinear effects in optical fibers: Origin, management and application. Progress in Electromagnetics Research, PIER, 73, 249–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kaur, G., Singh, M. L., & Patterh, M. S. (2010). Effect of fiber nonlinearities in a WDM transmission system. Optik, 121, 889–896.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sharma, V., & Kaur, Ramandeep. (2013). Implementation of DWDM system in the presence of four wave mixing (FWM) under the impact of channel spacing. Optik, 124, 3112–3114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rouf, A., & Islam, M. S. (2012). A new approach of unequally spaced channel allocation for FWM crosstalk suppression in WDM transmission system. In 7th international conference on electrical and computer engineering (pp. 35–38).

  8. Forghieri, F., Tkach, R. W., Chraplyvy, A. R., & Marcuse, D. (1994). Reduction of FWM crosstalk in WDM system using unequally spaced channels. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 6(86), 754–756.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Balani, W., & Saxena, M. (2013). Unique filtering and wavelength-stabilization through FBG in WDM/DWDM networks. International Journal of Computer Applications, 74(5), 20–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Singh, A., Sharma, A. K., & Kamal, T. S. (2009). Investigation on modified FWM suppression methods in DWDM optical communication systems. Optics Communications, 282, 392–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kaur, B., Sharma, A. K., & Kapoor, V. (2013). Performance analysis of WDM RoF-EPON link with and without DCF and FBG. Optics and Photonics Journal, 3, 163–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ajmani, M., & Singh, P. (2015). FWM in WDM system, effects and techniques to minimize. In 5th international conference on advanced computing and communication technology, IEEE (pp. 385–389).

  13. He, G. S. (2002). Optical phase conjugation: Principles, techniques, and applications. Progress in Quantum Electronics, 26, 131–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Abed, H. J., Din, N. M., AL-Mansoori, M. H., Fadhil, H. A., & Abdullah, F. (2013). Recent four-wave mixing suppression methods. Optik, 124, 2214–2218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Noshada, M., & Rostamia, A. (2012). FWM minimization in WDM optical communication systems using the asymmetrical dispersion-managed fibers. Optik, 123, 758–760.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kaur, G., & Patterh, M. S. (2014). Suppression of four wave mixing effect in WDM systems with hybrid modules. Optik, 125, 3894–3896.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Abd, H. J., Al-Mansoori, M. H., Din, N. M., Abdullah, F., & Fadhil, H. A. (2014). Priority-based parameter optimization strategy for reducing the effects of four-wave mixing on WDM system. Optik, 125, 25–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kaur, G., & Singh, M. L. (2009). Effect of four waves mixing in a WDM optical fiber system. Optik, 120, 268–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Preeti Singh.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ajmani, M., Singh, P. & Kaur, P. Hybrid Dispersion Compensating Modules: A Better Solution for Mitigating Four-Wave Mixing Effects. Wireless Pers Commun 107, 959–971 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06311-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06311-3

Keywords

Navigation