Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Wireless Sensor Networks Deployment: A Result Oriented Analysis

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been the recent development in network computing and connectivity. The primary function of WSN is data extraction and transmit the collected data to remote locations. It is having very extensive application such as for monitoring, detection and identification purpose, home automation as well as industrial and healthcare applications. Despite the thriving market there are several challenges to it. For e.g. Node deployment, minimizing the power utilized, bandwidth allocation and coverage. Deployment is vital issue in WSN that affects coverage, connectivity, lifetime and many other factors of WSN. Deployment problem can also be divided into four important categories such as connectivity enhancement, coverage maximization, lifetime optimization and energy efficiency. This paper deals with the objective, strategy and constraints related to WSNs deployment as well as result oriented analysis of various deployment scheme. Also result of various deployment scheme is discussed and provided in tabular form. In conclusion, latest research issues with various possible work are debated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Khan, I., Belqasmi, F., Glitho, R., Crespi, N., Morrow, M., & Polakos, P. (2016). Wireless sensor network virtualization: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2015.2412971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Farsi, M., Elhosseini, M. A., Badawy, M., Ali, H. A., & Eldin, H. Z. (2019). Deployment techniques in wireless sensor networks, coverage and connectivity: A survey. IEEE Access,7, 28940–28954.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Toral-Cruz, H., Hidoussi, F., Boubiche, D. E., Barbosa, R., Voznak, M., & Lakhtaria, K. I. (2015). A survey on wireless sensor networks. Next Generation Wireless Network Security and Privacy. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8687-8.ch006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Pantazis, N. A., Nikolidakis, S. A., & Vergados, D. D. (2013). Energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. https://doi.org/10.1109/SURV.2012.062612.00084.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhu, C., Zheng, C., Shu, L., & Han, G. (2012). A survey on coverage and connectivity issues in wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2011.11.016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Rawat, P., Singh, K. D., Chaouchi, H., & Bonnin, J. M. (2014). Wireless sensor networks: A survey on recent developments and potential synergies. Journal of Supercomputing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-013-1021-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Borges, L. M., Velez, F. J., & Lebres, A. S. (2014). Survey on the characterization and classification of wireless sensor network applications. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2014.2320073.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Rashid, B., & Rehmani, M. H. (2016). Applications of wireless sensor networks for urban areas: A survey. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2015.09.008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Yun, Y., & Xia, Y. (2010). Maximizing the lifetime of wireless sensor networks with mobile sink in delay-tolerant applications. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2010.76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Curry, R. M., & Smith, J. C. (2016). A survey of optimization algorithms for wireless sensor network lifetime maximization. Computers and Industrial Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2016.08.028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Fan, G., & Jin, S. (2010). Coverage problem in wireless sensor network: A survey. Journal of Networks. https://doi.org/10.4304/jnw.5.9.1033-1040.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ramasamy, V. (2017). Mobile wireless sensor networks: An overview. Wireless Sensor Networks—Insights and Innovations. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.70592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Priyadarshi, R., & Gupta, B. (2019). Coverage area enhancement in wireless sensor network. Microsystem Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-019-04674-y.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Babaie, S., & Pirahesh, S. S. (2012). Hole detection for increasing coverage in wireless sensor network using triangular structure. CoRR. arXiv:1203.3772.

  15. Priyadarshi, R., Gupta, B., & Anurag, A. (2020). Deployment techniques in wireless sensor networks: A survey, classification, challenges, and future research issues. The Journal of Supercomputing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-020-03166-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Priyadarshi, R., Soni, S. K., & Nath, V. (2018). Energy efficient cluster head formation in wireless sensor network. Microsystem Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-3873-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Priyadarshi, R., Rawat, P., & Nath, V. (2019). Energy dependent cluster formation in heterogeneous wireless sensor network. Microsystem Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-4116-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Priyadarshi, R., Soni, S. K., & Sharma, P. (2019). An enhanced GEAR protocol for wireless sensor networks. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0776-8_27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Priyadarshi, R., Singh, L., Randheer, & Singh, A. (2018). A Novel HEED Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2018 5th international conference on signal processing and integrated networks, SPIN 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN.2018.8474286

  20. Srivastava, S., Singh, M., & Gupta, S. (2018). Wireless sensor network: A survey. In 2018 international conference on automation and computational engineering, ICACE 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACE.2018.8687059

  21. Yick, J., Mukherjee, B., & Ghosal, D. (2008). Wireless sensor network survey. Computer Networks. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2008.04.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Xu, K., Hassanein, H., Takahara, G., & Wang, Q. (2010). Relay node deployment strategies in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2009.105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Liang, W., Luo, J., & Xu, X. (2010). Prolonging network lifetime via a controlled mobile sink in wireless sensor networks. GLOBECOM—IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2010.5683095.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ren, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, K., Liu, A., Chen, J., & Shen, X. S. (2016). Lifetime and energy hole evolution analysis in data-gathering wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2015.2411231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Aznoli, F., & Navimipour, N. J. (2017). Deployment strategies in the wireless sensor networks: Systematic literature review, classification, and current trends. Wireless Personal Communications. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3800-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Barrenetxea, G., Ingelrest, F., Schaefer, G., & Vetterli, M. (2008). The hitchhiker’s guide to successful wireless sensor network deployments. In SenSys’08–Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on embedded networked sensor systems. https://doi.org/10.1145/1460412.1460418

  27. Aziz, N., Aziz, K., & Ismail, W. (2009). Coverage strategies for wireless sensor networks. World academy of science, engineering and technology, open science index 26. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, 3(2), 171–176.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Boukerche, A., & Sun, P. (2018). Connectivity and coverage based protocols for wireless sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2018.07.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Wang, D., Xie, B., & Agrawal, D. P. (2008). Coverage and lifetime optimization of wireless sensor networks with Gaussian distribution. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2008.60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Shaikh, F. K., & Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Xu, J., Liu, W., Lang, F., Zhang, Y., & Wang, C. (2010). distance measurement model based on RSSI in WSN. Wireless Sensor Network. https://doi.org/10.4236/wsn.2010.28072.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Patzer, A., & Patzer, A. (2002). Deployment techniques. JSP Examples and Best Practices. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-0831-0_10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Beutel, J., Römer, K., Ringwald, M., & Woehrle, M. (2010). Deployment techniques for sensor. Networks.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01341-6_9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Ishizuka, M., & Aida, M. (2004). Performance study of node placement in sensor networks. Proceedings - International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/icdcsw.2004.1284093.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Onur, E., Ersoy, C., Deliç, H., & Akarun, L. (2007). Surveillance wireless sensor networks: Deployment quality analysis. Network, IEEE,21, 48–53. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2007.4395110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Senouci, M. R., Mellouk, A., & Aissani, A. (2012). An analysis of intrinsic properties of stochastic node placement in sensor networks. GLOBECOM–IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2012.6503161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Yoo, Y.,& Agrawal, D. (2008) Mobile sensor relocation to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In VTC spring 2008-IEEE vehicular technology conference 10.1109/VETECS.2008.52.

  38. Ishizuka, M., & Aida, M. (2004). The reliability performance of wireless sensor networks configured by power-law and other forms of stochastic node placement. IEICE Transactions on Communications.,87, 2511–2520.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Zhang, H., & Hou, J. (2004). On deriving the upper bound of α-lifetime for large sensor networks. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc). https://doi.org/10.1145/989459.989475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Senouci, M. R., Mellouk, A., & Aissani, A. (2014). Random deployment of wireless sensor networks: A survey and approach. International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAHUC.2014.059905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Kershner, R. (1939). The number of circles covering a set. American Journal of Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.2307/2371320.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  42. Wang, Y. C., Hu, C. C., & Tseng, Y. C. (2005). Efficient deployment algorithms for ensuring coverage and connectivity of wireless sensor networks. Proceedings–First International Conference on Wireless Internet, WICON. https://doi.org/10.1109/wicon.2005.13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Carter, B., & Ragade, R. (2008). An extensible model for the deployment of non-isotropic sensors. In 2008 IEEE sensors applications symposium, SAS-2008–Proceedings.

  44. Halder, S., & Das Bit, S. (2015). Design of an Archimedes’ spiral based node deployment scheme targeting enhancement of network lifetime in wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Sahin, D., & Ammari, H. M. (2014). The art of wireless sensor networks. The Art of Wireless Sensor Networks. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40009-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Fan, T., Teng, G., & Huo, L. (2014). A pre-determined nodes deployment strategy of two-tiered wireless sensor networks based on minimizing cost. International Journal of Wireless Information Networks. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10776-014-0240-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Yun, Z., Bai, X., Xuan, D., Lai, T. H., & Jia, W. (2010). Optimal deployment patterns for full coverage and κ-Connectivity (κ≤6) wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2010.2040191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Iqbal, M. M., Gondal, I., & Dooley, L. (2004). Dynamic symmetrical topology models for pervasive sensor networks. In Proceedings of INMIC 2004–8th international multitopic conference. https://doi.org/10.1109/INMIC.2004.1492925

  49. Filipe, L., Vieira, M., Augusto, M., Vieira, M., Ruiz, L. B., Alfredo, A., et al. (2004). Efficient incremental sensor network deployment algorithm. In Brazilian symposium on computer networks.

  50. Pompili, D., Melodia, T., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2006). Deployment analysis in underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks. In WUWNet 2006 - proceedings of the first ACM international workshop on underwater networks. https://doi.org/10.1145/1161039.1161050

  51. Coello Coello, C. A. (2002). Theoretical and numerical constraint-handling techniques used with evolutionary algorithms: A survey of the state of the art. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(01)00323-1.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  52. Ke, W. C., Liu, B. H., & Tsai, M. J. (2011). The critical-square-grid coverage problem in wireless sensor networks is NP-Complete. Computer Networks. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2011.03.004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Hossain, A., Biswas, P. K., & Chakrabarti, S. (2008). Sensing models and its impact on network coverage in wireless sensor network. In IEEE region 10 colloquium and 3rd international conference on industrial and information systems, ICIIS 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798455

  54. Dhillon, S. S., Chakrabarty, K., & Iyengar, S. S. (2002). Sensor placement for grid coverage under imprecise detections. In Proceedings of the 5th international conference on information fusion, FUSION 2002. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIF.2002.1021005

  55. Dhillon, S. S., & Chakrabarty, K. (2003). Sensor placement for effective coverage and surveillance in distributed sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, WCNC.. https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNC.2003.1200627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Huang, S.-C., Chang, H.-Y., & Wu, K.-L. (2013). A jigsaw-based sensor placement algorithm for wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks,2013, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/186720.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Wu, C. H., Lee, K. C., & Chung, Y. C. (2007). A delaunay triangulation based method for wireless sensor network deployment. Computer Communications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2007.05.017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Aitsaadi, N., Achir, N., Boussetta, K., & Pujolle, G. (2007). Differentiated underwater sensor network deployment. In OCEANS 2007 - Europe. https://doi.org/10.1109/oceanse.2007.4302456.

  59. Aitsaadi, N., Achir, N., Boussetta, K., & Pujolle, G. (2009). A Tabu search WSN deployment method for monitoring geographically irregular distributed events. Sensors. https://doi.org/10.3390/s90301625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Senouci, M., Bouguettouche, D., Souilah, F., & Mellouk, A. (2014). Efficient heuristic for the deterministic deployment of wireless sensor networks. In The international conference META.

  61. Senouci, M., Souilah, F., Bouguettouche, D., & Mellouk, A. (2014). Simulated annealing for solving the wireless sensor networks deployment problem. In META.

  62. Mini, S., Udgata, S. K., & Sabat, S. L. (2013). Artificial bee colony algorithm for probabilistic target Q-coverage in wireless sensor networks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03753-0_40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Senouci, M. R., Bouguettouche, D., Souilah, F., & Mellouk, A. (2016). Static wireless sensor networks deployment using an improved binary PSO. International Journal of Communication Systems. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3040.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Zhang, J., Yan, T., & Son, S. H. (2006). Deployment strategies for differentiated detection in wireless sensor networks. In 2006 3rd annual IEEE communications society on sensor and adhoc communications and networks, secondary, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/SAHCN.2006.288436.

  65. Ababnah, A., & Natarajan, B. (2011). Optimal control-based strategy for sensor deployment. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part A: Systems and Humans.. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2010.2049992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Ababnah, A., & Natarajan, B. (2009). Sensor deployment as an optimal control problem. Proceedings–International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, ICCCN.. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2009.5235252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Senouci, M. R., Mellouk, A., Oukhellou, L., & Aissani, A. (2011). Uncertainty-aware sensor network deployment. GLOBECOM–IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2011.6134363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Reda, S. M., Abdelhamid, M., Latifa, O., & Amar, A. (2012). Efficient uncertainty-aware deployment algorithms for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, WCNC.. https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rahul Priyadarshi.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Priyadarshi, R., Gupta, B. & Anurag, A. Wireless Sensor Networks Deployment: A Result Oriented Analysis. Wireless Pers Commun 113, 843–866 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07255-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07255-9

Keywords

Navigation