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Analysis of surgeon’s line of sight using an optical tracking system with a multifaceted marker device

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a widely used technique where operating surgeons alternate between direct vision through minithoracotomy and monitor-aided vision as required. We analyzed surgeons’ line of sight to assess their proficiency at using an optical tracking system with a multifaceted marker device.

Methods

An infrared optical tracking system was developed that is capable of integrating information from a multifaceted marker device and analyzing three-dimensional (3D) dynamic movements including flexion and rotation. Using this system, we analyzed multiple aspects of surgeons’ head poses, thereby indirectly identifying their visual line of sight. A multifaceted device comprising 4 surfaces and 4 markers was constructed and attached to surgeons’ heads. The surgeons’ head motions were tracked using this multifaceted device and videotaped their face while they performed wedge resection. Both data sets were compared.

Results

The system could document 98.5% of surgeons’ head motions, with a high correlation \({(\langle kappa\rangle= 0.935)}\) between data acquired using the multifaceted device and video analysis. An inverse correlation was observed between tumor size and the monitor-viewing time ratio by surgeons in pulmonary wedge resection (R 2 = 0.728).

Conclusion

An optical tracking system with a multifaceted device was able to measure 3D dynamic movements of thoracic surgeons. The associated problems of reflection angle and marker shielding were solved. The utility of this device for analyzing surgeons’ visual line of sight during VATS was established.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan

    Hiroaki Tsunezuka, Daishiro Kato, Kunihiko Terauchi, Masanori Shimomura, Kaori Ichise & Junichi Shimada

  2. Department of Chest Surgery, Yamashiro Public Hospital, 74-1Kizu-Ikeda, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0214, Japan

    Kazuhiro Ito

  3. Bioengineering Course, Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan

    Atsushi Nishikawa

Authors
  1. Hiroaki Tsunezuka
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  2. Daishiro Kato
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  3. Kunihiko Terauchi
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  4. Masanori Shimomura
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  5. Kaori Ichise
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  6. Kazuhiro Ito
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  7. Atsushi Nishikawa
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  8. Junichi Shimada
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junichi Shimada.

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Tsunezuka, H., Kato, D., Terauchi, K. et al. Analysis of surgeon’s line of sight using an optical tracking system with a multifaceted marker device. Int J CARS 6, 803–809 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-011-0565-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-011-0565-5

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