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Translatory hip kinematics measured with optoelectronic surgical navigation

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Abstract

Purpose

An optoelectronic surgical navigation system was used to detect small but measurable translational motion of human hip cadavers in high-range passive motions. Kinematic data were also examined to demonstrate the role of soft tissues in constraining hip translation.

Methods

Twelve cadaver hips were scanned using CT, instrumented for navigation, and passively taken through motion assessment. Center of the femoral head was tracked in the acetabular coordinates. Maximum non-impinging translation of the femoral head for each specimen hip was reported. This was repeated for 5 tissue states: whole, exposed to the capsule, partially or fully incised capsule, resection of the ligamentum teres and labrectomy. Femoral motions were compared to the reported value for ideal ball and socket model.

Results

Whole and exposed hips underwent maximal translations of \(3.9\pm 2.3\) and \(3.1\pm 1.2\) mm, respectively. These translational motions were statistically significantly different from reported value for a purely spherical joint, \(p=0.0005\). Further tissue removal almost always significantly increased maximum non-impingement translational motion with \(p<0.05\).

Conclusion

We found subtle but definite translations in every cadaver hip. There was no consistent pattern of translation. It is possible to use the surgical navigation systems for the assessment of human hip kinematics intra-operatively and improve the treatment of total hip arthroplasty patients by the knowledge of the fact that their hips translate. Better procedure selection and implantation optimization may arise from improved understanding of the motion of this critically important human joint.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Joseph Anstey, Dr Manuela Kunz, Dr Erin Smith, Dr Gabriel Venne and Paul St. John, for their assistance in acquiring and preprocessing data used in this study. This work was supported in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research with Grant #CHRPJ-398995 and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada with Grant #DG-43515.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Sima Zakani

  2. Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

    John F. Rudan

  3. School of Computing, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Department of Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

    Randy E. Ellis

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  1. Sima Zakani
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Correspondence to Sima Zakani.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Zakani, S., Rudan, J.F. & Ellis, R.E. Translatory hip kinematics measured with optoelectronic surgical navigation. Int J CARS 12, 1411–1423 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-017-1629-y

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