Abstract
This paper proposes a novel ghost-free High Dynamic Range (HDR) multi-exposure video acquisition suitable for real-time implementation in embedded systems. While the method is limited to stationary cameras, it achieves, with low requirements on resources, results comparable to state-of-the-art de-ghosting methods that are often very computationally expensive and almost impossible to implement in smart cameras and embedded systems. The paper describes the method itself and includes an evaluation of the performance on selected embedded platforms and a comparison of the results to the state of the art using HDR datasets.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bouderbane, M., Dubois, J., Heyrman, B., Lapray, P.J., Ginhac, D.: Ghost removing for hdr real-time video stream generation. In: Real-time image and video processing (2016)
Debevec, P.E., Malik, J.: Recovering high dynamic range radiance maps from photographs. In: ACM Trans. Graph., SIGGRAPH ’97 (1997)
Gallo, O., Gelfandz, N., Chen, W.C., Tico, M., Pulli, K.: Artifact-free high dynamic range imaging. In: 2009 IEEE International conference on computational photography (ICCP), pp 1–7 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCPHOT.2009.5559003
Grosch, T.: Fast and robust high dynamic range image generation with camera and object movement (2006)
Grossberg, M.D., Nayar, S.K.: Determining the camera response from images: what is knowable? IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 25(11), 1455–1467 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1240119
Hu, J., Gallo, O., Pulli, K., Sun, X.: Hdr deghosting: How to deal with saturation? In: 2013 IEEE Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (2013)
Jacobs, K., Loscos, C., Ward, G.: Automatic high-dynamic range image generation for dynamic scenes. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 28(2), 84–93 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2008.23
Kang, S.B., Uyttendaele, M., Winder, S., Szeliski, R.: High dynamic range video. ACM Trans. Graph. 22(3), 319–325 (2003)
Karaduzovic-Hadziabdic, K., Hasic, T.J., Mantiuk, R.K.: Multi-exposure image stacks for testing hdr deghosting methods (2017)
Mandel, L.: Fluctuations of photon beams: the distribution of the photo-electrons. Proc Phys Soc 74(3), 233 (1959)
Mantiuk, R., Kim, K.J., Rempel, A.G., Heidrich, W.: Hdr-vdp-2: A calibrated visual metric for visibility and quality predictions in all luminance conditions. ACM Trans. Graph. 30(4), 40:1–40:14 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1145/2010324.1964935
Min, T.H., Park, R.H., Chang, S.: Histogram based ghost removal in high dynamic range images. In: Multimedia and Expo, 2009. ICME 2009. IEEE international conference on. IEEE (2009)
Min, T.H., Park, R.H., Chang, S.: Noise reduction in high dynamic range images. Signal, Image and Video Processing 5(3) (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-010-0203-7
Mitsunaga, T., Nayar, S.K.: Radiometric self calibration. In: Proceedings. 1999 IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (Cat. No PR00149), vol. 1, p. 380 Vol. 1 (1999)
Nosko, S., Musil, M., Zemcik, P., Juranek, R.: Color hdr video processing architecture for smart camera. J. Real-Time Image Process. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-018-0810-z
Pece, F., Kautz, J.: Bitmap movement detection: Hdr for dynamic scenes. In: Visual media production, 2010 conference on, pp. 1–8. IEEE (2010)
Raman, S., Kumar, V., Chaudhuri, S.: Blind de-ghosting for automatic multi-exposure compositing. In: ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2009 Posters, SIGGRAPH ASIA ’09. ACM, USA (2009)
Robertson, M.A., Borman, S., Stevenson, R.L.: Estimation-theoretic approach to dynamic range enhancement using multiple exposures. J. Electron. Imaging 12(2), 219–228 (2003)
Sakakibara, M., Kawahito, S., Handoko, D., Nakamura, N., Satoh, H., Higashi, M., Mabuchi, K., Sumi, H.: A high-sensitivity cmos image sensor with gain-adaptive column amplifiers. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits 40(5), 1147–1156 (2005)
Sen, P., Kalantari, N.K., Yaesoubi, M., Darabi, S., Goldman, D.B., Shechtman, E.: Robust Patch-Based HDR Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia (2012)
Sidibe, D., Puech, W., Strauss, O.: Ghost detection and removal in high dynamic range images. In: 2009 17th European Signal Processing Conference, pp. 2240–2244 (2009)
Silk, S., Lang, J.: Fast high dynamic range image deghosting for arbitrary scene motion. In: Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2012, GI ’12, pp. 85–92. Canadian Information Processing Society, Toronto, Ont., Canada, Canada (2012). http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2305276.2305291
Srikantha, A., Sidibé, D.: Ghost detection and removal for high dynamic range images: recent advances. Sig. Process. 27(6), 650–662 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.image.2012.02.001https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923596512000306
Tamburrino, D., Alleysson, D., Meylan, L., Süsstrunk, S.: Digital camera workflow for high dynamic range images using a model of retinal processing. In: IST/SPIE electronic imaging: digital photography IV, vol. 6817 (2008)
Tocci, M.D., Kiser, C., Tocci, N., Sen, P.: A versatile hdr video production system. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 Papers, SIGGRAPH ’11. USA (2011)
Tursun, O.T., Akyüz, A.O., Erdem, A., Erdem, E.: The state of the art in hdr deghosting: a survey and evaluation. Comput. Graphics Forum 34(2) (2015). https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12593
Tursun, O.T., Akyüz, A.O., Erdem, A., Erdem, E.: An objective deghosting quality metric for hdr images. Comput. Graph. Forum 35(2), 139–152 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12818
Wang, C., Tu, C.: An exposure fusion approach without ghost for dynamic scenes. In: 2013 6th International congress on image and signal processing (CISP), vol. 2, pp. 904–909 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/CISP.2013.6745293
Wu, S., Xie, S., Rahardja, S., Li, Z.: A robust and fast anti-ghosting algorithm for high dynamic range imaging. In: 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, pp. 397–400 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2010.5654196
Zhang, W., Cham, W.K.: Gradient-directed composition of multi-exposure images. In: 2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 530–536. IEEE (2010)
Zhao, H., Shi, B., Fernandez-Cull, C., Yeung, S.K., Raskar, R.: Unbounded high dynamic range photography using a modulo camera. In: ICCP (2015)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by VRASSEO (VI20172020068) and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic from the National Programme of Sustainability (NPU II); project IT4Innovations excellence in science - LQ1602.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Musil, M., Nosko, S. & Zemcik, P. De-ghosted HDR video acquisition for embedded systems. J Real-Time Image Proc 18, 659–668 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-020-01001-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-020-01001-x