Abstract
A kernel in a directed graph D(V, E) is a set S of vertices of D such that no two vertices in S are adjacent and for every vertex u in V\S there is a vertex v in S, such that (u, v) is an arc of D. The problem of existence of a kernel is itself an NP-complete for a general digraph. But in this paper we solve the strong kernel problem for certain oriented Cycle Extension of graphs namely Circular Ladder and Petersen Graphs.
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Punitha, M.J. Strong Kernel Number in Certain Oriented Cycle Extension of Graphs. Math.Comput.Sci. 9, 193–199 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11786-015-0225-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11786-015-0225-1