Abstract
The presented paper demonstrates how metamaterials with their unique properties and structures derived from metamaterials can offer solutions to overcome technical limitations of passive and chipless wireless sensor and RFID concepts. Basically, the metamaterial approach allows for miniaturization, higher sensitivity, and an extreme geometric flexibility. Miniaturization is certainly important for both, sensing and identification, while higher sensitivity is primarily applicable to sensors. The geometric flexibility is at first important for sensing since it allows for novel sensor concepts. But at least concerning buildup technology, also RFID concepts can benefit from this advantage. The presented examples of metamaterial-inspired passive chipless RFID and wireless sensing can be assigned to the following three categories: metamaterial resonator approaches, composite right/left-handed lines, and frequency-selective surfaces. In this paper, these different concepts are evaluated and discussed with regard to the metamaterial properties. Furthermore, criteria and figures of merit are given, which allow for a fair comparison of passive, chipless concepts and beyond. Finally, these criteria are applied to the presented sensor and identification concepts.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alimenti F, Palazzari V, Orecchini G, Pinca G, Mezzanotte P, Tentzeris M, Roselli L (2010) Crossed dipole frequency doubling RFID tag based on paper substrate and ink-jet printing technology. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest, pp 840–842
Angelovski A, Penirschke A, Jakoby R (2011) CRLH-mass flow detector array for cross-sectional detection of inhomogeneous distributed flow regimes in pipelines. In: 41st European microwave conference, pp 611–614
Angelovski A, Penirschke A, Jakoby R (2011) Helix-shaped CRLH-TL sensor for inhomogeneties detection for pneumatic conveyed pulverized solids. In: German microwave conference, pp 1–4
Baena JD, Bonache J, Martin F, Sillero RM, Falcone F, Lopetegi T, Laso MAG, Garcia-Garcia J, Gil I, Portillo MF, Sorolla M (2005) Equivalent-circuit models for split-ring resonators and complementary split-ring resonators coupled to planar transmission lines. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 53(4):1451–1461
Balbin I, Karmakar N (2009) Novel chipless RFID tag for conveyor belt tracking using multi-resonant dipole antenna. In: 39th European microwave conference, pp 1109–1112
Caloz C, Itoh T (2002) Application of the transmission line theory of left-handed (LH) materials to the realization of a microstrip “LH line”. In: IEEE antennas and propagation society international symposium, vol 2, pp 412–415
Chamarti A, Varahramyan K (2006) Transmission delay line based ID generation circuit for RFID applications. IEEE Microw Wirel Components Lett 16(11):588–590
Cui TJ, Smith DR, Liu R (eds) (2009) Metamaterials: theory, design, and applications. Springer, Berlin
Ekmekci E, Turhan-Sayan G (2011) Metamaterial sensor applications based on broadside-coupled SRR and v-shaped resonator structures. In: IEEE international symposium on antennas and propagation, pp 1170–1172
Gordon JA, Holloway CL, Booth J, Kim S, Wang Y, Baker-Jarvis J, Novotny DR (2011) Fluid interactions with metafilms/metasurfaces for tuning, sensing, and microwave-assisted chemical processes. Phys Rev B 83:205130
Herraiz-Martinez FJ, Paredes F, Zamora Gonzalez G, Martin F, Bonache J (2012) Printed magnetoinductive-wave (MIW) delay lines for chipless RFID applications. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 60(11):5075–5082
Iyer AK, Eleftheriades GV (2002) Negative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D waves. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest, vol 2. IEEE, pp 1067–1070
Lee H, Shaker G, Naishadham K, Song X, McKinley M, Wagner B, Tentzeris M (2011) Carbon-nanotube loaded antenna-based ammonia gas sensor. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 59(10):2665–2673
Li J, Withayachumnankul W, Chang S, Abbott D (2011) Metamaterial-based strain sensors. In: Seventh international conference on intelligent sensors, sensor networks and information processing, pp 30–32
Mandel C, Kubina B, Schüßler M, Jakoby R (2011) Passive chipless wireless sensor for two-dimensional displacement measurement. In: 41st European microwave conference, pp 79–82
Mandel C, Maune H, Maasch M, Sazegar M, Schüßler M, Jakoby R (2011) Passive wireless temperature sensing with BST-based chipless transponder. In: German microwave conference, pp 1–4
Mandel C, Schüßler M, Jakoby R (2011) A wireless passive strain sensor. In: IEEE sensors conference, pp 207–210
Mandel C, Schüßler M, Maasch M, Jakoby R (2009) A novel passive phase modulator based on LH delay lines for chipless microwave RFID applications. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave workshop on wireless sensing, local positioning, and RFID, pp 1–4
Marqués R, Martín F, Sorolla M (2011) Metamaterials with negative parameters: theory, design and microwave applications. Wiley, New York
McVay J, Hoorfar A, Engheta N (2006) Space-filling curve RFID tags. In: IEEE radio and wireless symposium, pp 199–202
Melik R, Unal E, Kosku Perkgoz N, Puttlitz C, Demir HV (2009) Flexible metamaterials for wireless strain sensing. Appl Phys Lett 95(18):181105
Melik R, Unal E, Perkgoz NK, Puttlitz C, Demir HV (2009) Metamaterial-based wireless strain sensors. Appl Phys Lett 95(1):011106
Melik R, Unal E, Perkgoz NK, Puttlitz C, Demir HV (2010) Metamaterial based telemetric strain sensing in different materials. Opt Express 18:5000–5007
Melik R, Unal E, Perkgoz NK, Puttlitz C, Demir HV (2010) Metamaterial-based wireless RF-MEMS strain sensors. In: IEEE sensors conference, pp 2173–2176
Melik R, Unal E, Perkgoz NK, Santoni B, Kamstock D, Puttlitz C, Demir HV (2010) Nested metamaterials for wireless strain sensing. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron 16(2):450–458
Naqui J, Durán-Sindreu M, Martín F (2011) Novel sensors based on the symmetry properties of split-ring resonators SRRs. Sensors 11(8):7545–7553
Oliner AA (2003) A planar negative-refractive-index medium without resonant elements. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest, vol 1, pp 191–194
Pendry JB, Holden AJ, Robbins DJ, Stewart WJ (1999) Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 47(11):2075–2084
Pendry JB, Holden AJ, Stewart WJ, Youngs I (1996) Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures. Phys Rev Lett 76:4773–4776
Preradovic S, Karmakar N (2010) 4th generation multiresonator-based chipless RFID tag utilizing spiral EBGs. In: 40th European microwave conference, pp 1746–1749
Preradovic S, Karmakar NC (2009) Design of fully printable planar chipless RFID transponder with 35-bit data capacity. In: 39th European microwave conference, pp 13–16
Schüßler M, Damm C, Jakoby R (2007) Periodically LC loaded lines for RFID backscatter applications. In: Metamaterials. Rome, Italy
Schüßler M, Damm C, Maasch M, Jakoby R (2008) Performance evaluation of left-handed delay lines for RFID backscatter applications. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest, pp 177–180
Schüßler M, Maasch M, Damm C, Jakoby R (2009) Compact microstrip patch antennas for passive RFID backscatter tags. In: 39th European microwave conference, pp 1101–1104
Schüßler M, Mandel C, Maasch M, Giere A, Jakoby R (2009) Phase modulation scheme for chipless RFID- and wireless sensor tags. In: Asia Pacific microwave conference, pp 229–232
Schüßler M, Mandel C, Puentes M, Jakoby R (2012) Metamaterial inspired microwave sensors. IEEE Microw Mag 13(2):57–68
Shelby RA, Smith DR, Schultz S (2001) Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction. Science 292(5514):77–79
Sievenpiper DF (1999) High-impedance electromagnetic surfaces. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Los Angeles
Thai TT, Aubert H, Pons P, Plana R, Tentzeris MM, DeJean GR (2011) A newly developed radio frequency wireless passive highly sensitive strain transducer. In: IEEE sensors conference, pp 211–214
Thai TT, Aubert H, Pons P, Tentzeris MM, Plana R (2011) Design of a highly sensitive wireless passive RF strain transducer. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest. IEEE, pp 1–4
Thai TT, Jatlaoui M, Pons P, Aubert H, Tentzeris M, DeJean G, Plana R (2010) A novel passive wireless ultrasensitive RF temperature transducer for remote sensing. In: IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest, p 1
Vena A, Perret E, Tedjini S (2011) Chipless RFID tag using hybrid coding technique. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 59(12):3356–3364
Veselago VG (1968) The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ. Sov Phys Usp 10(4):509–514. (First published in 1967 in Usp. Fiz. Nauk.)
Weiglhofer WS, Lakhtakia A (eds) (2003) Introduction to complex mediums for optics and electromagnetics. SPIE
Xia Y, Wang L (2008) A wireless sensor using left-handed metamaterials. In: 4th international conference on wireless communications, networking and mobile computing, pp 1–3
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mandel, C., Kubina, B., Schüßler, M. et al. Metamaterial-inspired passive chipless radio-frequency identification and wireless sensing. Ann. Telecommun. 68, 385–399 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-013-0372-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-013-0372-9