Skip to main content
Log in

A mobile personalized tourist guide and its user evaluation

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Information Technology & Tourism Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The paper presents an interactive electronic guide application prototype able to recommend personalized multiple-day tourist itineraries to mobile web users. The proposed application relies on an evolutionary optimizer that allows the determination, in an acceptable time, of a near-optimal user-adapted tour for each day of the visit by considering different conflicting objectives. The tour optimizer automatically plans the itinerary by selecting the sights of potential interest based on user preferences, the available visit time considered on a daily basis, opening days and hours, visiting times, accessibility of the places of interest and weather forecasting. The interactive functionalities and facilities provided by the application are illustrated along with the model used to adapt the tourist itinerary to user preferences and constraints. An experimental qualitative and quantitative evaluation has been performed to assess the validity of the guide prototype. Particular attention has been devoted to the usability of the application and its graphic unit interface along with user satisfaction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anacleto R, Figueiredo L, Almeidaa A, Novais P (2014) Mobile application to provide personalized sightseeing tours. J Netw Comput Appl 41:56–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Ardissono L, Kuflik T, Petrelli D (2012) Personalization in cultural heritage: the road travelled and the one ahead. User Model User-adapt Interact 22(1–2):73–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Betram D (2009) Likert scales. The Faculty of Mathematics University of Belgrad, Croatia, Technical report

  • Borràs J, Moreno A, Valls A (2014) Intelligent tourism recommender systems: a survey. Expert Syst Appl 41(16):7370–7389

    Google Scholar 

  • Brilhante IR, Macedo JA, Nardini FM, Perego R, Renso C (2015) On planning sightseeing tours with T ripB uilder. Inf Process Manag 51(2):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown B, Chalmers M (2003) Tourism and mobile technology. In: Proceedings of the 8th European conference on computer supported cooperative work (ECSCW), Springer, pp 335–354

  • Chen CC, Tsai JL (2019) Determinants of behavioral intention to use the personalized location-based mobile tourism application: an empirical study by integrating TAM with ISSM. Future Gener Comput Syst 96:628–638

    Google Scholar 

  • Coello ACC, Van Veldhuizen AD, Lamont GB (2007) Evolutionary algorithms for solving multi-objective problems, vol 2. Genetic and evolutionary computation series. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotfas LA (2011) Collaborative itinerary recommender systems. Econ Inform J 11(1):191–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotfas LA, Diosteanu A, Dumitrescu SD, Smeureanu A (2011) Semantic search itinerary recommender systems. Int J Comput 5(3):370–377

    Google Scholar 

  • De Falco I, Scafuri U, Tarantino E (2015) A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for personalized tours in street networks. Lecture notes computer science. Springer, New York, pp 115–127

    Google Scholar 

  • De Falco I, Scafuri U, Tarantino E (2016) Optimizing personalized touristic itineraries by a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. Int J Inf Technol Decis Mak 15(6):1269–1312

    Google Scholar 

  • Deb K (2001) Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Diosteanu A, Cotfas LA, Smeureanu A, Dumitrescu SD (2011) Natural language processing applied in itinerary recommender systems. In: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on applied computer and applied computational science, WSEAS Press, pp 260–265

  • Dix A, Finlay J, Abowd GD, Beale R (2004) Human–computer Interaction, vol 3. Pearson-Prentice Hall, New Jersey

    Google Scholar 

  • Expósito A, Mancini S, Brito J, Moreno JA (2019) A fuzzy GRASP for the tourist trip design with clustered POIs. Expert Syst Appl 127(1):210–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Feo TA, Resende MGC (1989) A probabilistic heuristic for a computationally difficult set covering problem. Oper Res Lett 8:67–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Fogli A, Sansonetti G (2019) Exploiting semantics for context-aware itinerary recommendation. Pers Ubiquit Comput. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-018-01189-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gambardella L, Montemanni R, Weyland D (2012) Coupling ant colony systems with strong local searches. Eur J Oper Res 220(3):831–843

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao R, Li J, Li X, Song C, Zhou Y (2018) A personalized point-of-interest recommendation model via fusion of geo-social information. Neurocomputing 273:159–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia A, Linaza MT, Arbelaiz O, Vansteenwegen P (2009) Intelligent routing system for a personalized electronic tourist guide. In: Höpken W, Gretzel U, Law R (eds) Information and communication technologies in tourism 2009. Springer, New York, pp 185–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia A, Vansteenwegen P, Arbelaitz O, Souffriau W, Linaza MT (2013) Integrating public transportation in personalised electronic tourist guides. Comput Oper Res 40(3):758–774

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia I, Sebastia L, Onaindia E (2011) On the design of individual and group recommender systems for tourism. Expert Syst Appl 38:7683–7692

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavalas D, Kenteris M, Konstantopoulos C, Pantziou G (2012) Web application for recommending personalised mobile tourist routes. IET Softw 6(4):313–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavalas D, Konstantopoulos C, Mastakas K, Pantziou G (2014a) Mobile recommender systems in tourism. J Netw Comput Appl 39:319–333

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavalas D, Konstantopoulos C, Mastakas K, Pantziou G (2014b) A survey on algorithmic approaches for solving tourist trip design problems. J Heuristics 20(3):291–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavalas D, Kasapakis V, Konstantopoulos C, Pantziou G, Vathis N, Zaroliagis C (2015a) The eCOMPASS multimodal tourist tour planner. Expert Syst Appl 42(21):7303–7316

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavalas D, Konstantopoulos C, Mastakas K, Pantziou G, Vathis N (2015b) Heuristics for the time dependent team orienteering problem: application to tourist route planning. Comput Oper Res 62:36–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavalas D, Kasapakis V, Konstantopoulos C, Pantziou G, Vathis N (2017) Scenic route planning for tourists. Pers Ubiquit Comput 21(1):137–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunawan A, Lau HC, Vansteenwegen P (2016) Orienteering problem: a survey of recent variants, solution approaches and applications. Eur J Oper Res 255(2):315–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu Q, Lim A (2014) An iterative three-component heuristic for the team orienteering problem with time windows. Eur J Oper Res 232:276–286

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang Y, Bian L (2009) A bayesian network and analytic hierarchy process based personalized recommendations for tourist attractions over the internet. Expert Syst Appl 36(1):933–943

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyde KK, Lawson R (2003) The nature of independent travel. J Travel Res 42(1):13–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang K, Yin H, Wang P, Yu N (2013) Learning from contextual information of geo-tagged web photos to rank personalized tourism attractions. Neurocomputing 119(7):17–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenteris M, Gavalas D, Pantziou G, Konstantopoulos C (2010) Near-optimal personalized daily itineraries for a mobile tourist guide. In: Proceedings of the symposium on computers and communications (ISCC), IEEE, pp 862–864

  • Kenteris M, Gavalas D, Economou D (2011) Electronic mobile guides: a survey. Pers Ubiquit Comput 15(1):97–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Kotiloglu S, Lappas T, Pelechrinis K, Repoussis P (2017) Personalized multi-period tour recommendations. Tour Manag 62:76–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Kou G, Lin C (2014) A cosine maximization method for the priority vector derivation in AHP. Eur J Oper Res 235(1):225–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Kou G, Lu Y, Peng Y, Shi Y (2012) Evaluation of classification algorithms using MCDM and rank correlation. Int Technol Decis Mak 11(1):197–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Kou G, Peng Y, Wang G (2014) Evaluation of clustering algorithms for financial risk analysis using MCDM methods. Inf Sci 275:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Labadie N, Mansini R, Melechovský J, Calvo RW (2012) The team orienteering problem with time windows: an LP-based granular variable neighborhood search. Eur J Oper Res 220:15–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Laugwitz B, Held T, Schrepp M (2008) Construction and evaluation of a user experience questionnaire. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Liao Z, Zheng W (2018) Using a heuristic algorithm to design a personalized day tour route in a time-dependent stochastic environment. Tour Manag 68:284–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin SW, Yu VF (2012) A simulated annealing heuristic for the team orienteering problem with time windows. Eur J Oper Res 217:94–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Lourenco HR, Martin O, Stuetzle T (2002) Iterated local search. In: Glover F, Kochenberger GA (eds) Handbook of metaheuristics. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, pp 321–353

    Google Scholar 

  • Lund AM (2001) Measuring usability with the use questionnaire. Usability Interface 8(2):3–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Meys W, Groen M (2014) Quo vadis?: Persuasive computing using real time queue information. In: ACM (ed) Proceedings of the first international conference on IoT in urban space, pp 102–104

  • Migliorini S, Carra D, Belussi A (2018) Adaptive trip recommendation system: balancing travelers among pois with MapuppercaseReduce. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international congress on big data, IEEE, pp 255–259

  • Montemanni R, Weyland D, Gambardella L (2009) Ant colony system for the team orienteering problem with time windows. Found Comput Decis Sci 34:287–306

    Google Scholar 

  • Montemanni R, Weyland D, Gambardella L (2011) An enhanced ant colony system for the team orienteering problem with time windows. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on computer science and society, IEEE, pp 381–384

  • Muccini H, Rossi F, Traini L (2017) A smart city run-time planner for multi-site congestion management. In: Proceedings of the international conference on smart systems and technologies (SST), IEEE, pp 175–179

  • Nielsen J (1993) Usability engineering. Academic Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Preece J, Rogers Y, Sharp H (2002) Interaction design, beyond human-computer interaction. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Righini G, Salani M (2009) Decremental state space relaxation strategies and initialization heuristics for solving the orienteering problem with time windows with dynamic programming. Comput Oper Res 36(4):1191–1203

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez B, Molina J, Pérez F, Caballero R (2012) Interactive design of personalised tourism routes. Tour Manag 33:926–940

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrepp M, Hinderks A, Thomaschewski J (2017) Construction of a benchmark for the user experience questionnaire (UEQ). Int J Interact Multimed Artif Intell 4(4):40–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Shu H, Song C, Pei T, Xu L, Ou Y, Zhang L, Li T (2016) Queuing time prediction using WiFi positioning data in an indoor scenario. Sensors 16(11):E1958

    Google Scholar 

  • Souffriau W, Vansteenwegen P, Vertommen J, Berghe GV, Van Oudheusden D (2008) A personalised tour trip design algorithm for mobile tourist guides. Appl Artif Intell 22(10):964–985

    Google Scholar 

  • Souffriau W, Maervoet J, Vansteenwegen P, Vanden Berghe G, Van Oudheusden D (2009) A mobile tourist decision support system for small footprint devices. In: Lecture notes computer science, bio-inspired systems: computational and ambient intelligence, LNCS 5517, Springer, New York, pp 1248–1255

  • Souffriau W, Vansteenwegen P, Vanden Berghe G, Van Oudheusden D (2013) The multiconstraint team orienteering problem with multiple time windows. Transport Sci 47(1):53–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Sylejmani K, Kosova P, Dorn J, Musliu N (2012) A tabu search approach for multi constrained team orienteering problem and its application in touristic trip planning. In: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on hybrid intelligent systems, IEEE, pp 300–305

  • Sylejmani K, Dorn J, Musliu N (2017) Planning the trip itinerary for tourist groups. Inf Technol Tour 17(3):275–314

    Google Scholar 

  • Tewaria AS, Barman AG (2018) Sequencing of items in personalized recommendations using multiple recommendation techniques. Expert Syst Appl 97:70–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Tricoire F, Romauch M, Doerner K, Hartl R (2010) Heuristics for the multi-period orienteering problem with multiple time windows. Comput Oper Res 37:351–367

    Google Scholar 

  • Umanets A, Ferreira A, Leite N (2014) GuideMe—a tourist guide with a recommender system and social interaction. Proc Technol 17:407–414

    Google Scholar 

  • Vansteenwegen P, Souffriau W, Van Oudheusden D (2009a) A detailed analysis of two metaheuristics for the team orienteering problem, engineering stochastic local search algorithms. Lecture notes computer science, vol 5752. Springer, New York, pp 110–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Vansteenwegen P, Souffriau W, Vanden Berghe G, Van Oudheusden D (2009b) Iterated local search for the team orienteering problem with time windows. Comput Oper Res 36(12):3281–3290

    Google Scholar 

  • Vansteenwegen P, Souffriau W, Van Oudheusden D (2011a) The orienteering problem: a survey. Eur J Oper Res 209(1):1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Vansteenwegen P, Souffriau W, Vanden Berghe G, Van Oudheusden D (2011b) The city trip planner: an expert system for tourists. Expert Syst Appl 38(6):6540–6546

    Google Scholar 

  • Verbeeck C, Sörensen K, Aghezzaf EH, Vansteenwegen P (2014) A fast solution method for the time-dependent orienteering problem. Eur J Oper Res 236(2):419–432

    Google Scholar 

  • Wik (2017) Wikitude developer SDK. http://www.wikitude.com/developer/documentation/android. Accessed 15 June 2019

  • Yon H, Zheng Y, Xie X, Woo W (2012) Social itinerary recommendation from user-generated digital trails. Pers Ubiquit Comput 16(5):469–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng W, Liao Z (2019) Using a heuristic approach to design personalized tour routes for heterogeneous tourist groups. Tour Manag 72:313–325

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by the project “Organization of Cultural Heritage for Smart Tourism and Real-Time Accessibility (ORCHESTRA)” (PON04a2_D) approved and financed within the 2012 “Smart Cities and Communities” call of the Italian Ministry for University and Research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ernesto Tarantino.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tarantino, E., De Falco, I. & Scafuri, U. A mobile personalized tourist guide and its user evaluation. Inf Technol Tourism 21, 413–455 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-019-00150-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-019-00150-5

Keywords

Navigation