Abstract
Given the increasing migration of populations from rural to metropolitan areas, it is imperative to make urban mobility more efficient in order to mitigate traffic, pollution and degradation of the quality of life. In this paper, we propose a system that attempts to influence drivers to follow a certain route by means of an incentive. The proposals are put forward based on predefined urban traffic network indicators in need of optimization, such as the carbon dioxide emissions in a specific route or another equally compatible with our model. Our hypothesis is that influencing drivers’ behaviours can lead to the optimization of such indicators. The accumulated incentives are registered in a Blockchain network in order to ensure the unchanging and reliable registration of route proposals accepted by drivers. Additionally, we describe an application developed as a proof of concept and as a basis for future work.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Hyperledger Fabric, https://www.hyperledger.org/use/fabric.
- 2.
Openchain, https://www.openchain.org.
References
Bui, A., Veit, D., Webster, J.: Gamification - a novel phenomenon or a new wrapping for existing concepts? In: Thirty Sixth International Conference on Information Systems, Fort Worth, December 2015
Ciatto, G., Maffi, A., Mariani, S., Omicini, A.: Smart contracts are more than objects: pro-activeness on the blockchain. In: Prieto, J., Das, A.K., Ferretti, S., Pinto, A., Corchado, J.M. (eds.) Blockchain and Applications, pp. 45–53. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23813-1_6
Ciatto, G., Mariani, S., Omicini, A., Zambonelli, F.: From agents to blockchain: stairway to integration. Appl. Sci. 10, 7460 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217460
Deterding, S., Dixon, D., Khaled, R., Nacke, L.: From game design elements to gamefulness: defining gamification. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media Environments. MindTrek 2011, vol. 11, pp. 9–15. Association for Computing Machinery, September 2011
Dimitrakopoulos, G., Demestichas, P.: Intelligent transportation systems. IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag. 5(1), 77–84 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/MVT.2009.935537
Eckert, J., López, D., Azevedo, C.L., Farooq, B.: A blockchain-based user-centric emission monitoring and trading system for multi-modal mobility. In: 2020 Forum on Integrated and Sustainable Transportation Systems (FISTS), pp. 328–334, November 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/FISTS46898.2020.9264892
Enei, R.: Vehicle types, exemptions and (cross-border) enforcement of successful urban vehicle access regulations (UVARs) schemes across Europe. Technical Report, European Commission, Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, April 2017
Góis, A.R., Santos, F.P., Pacheco, J.M., Santos, F.C.: Reward and punishment in climate change dilemmas. Sci. Rep. 9(1), 16193 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52524-8
Huotari, K., Hamari, J.: Defining gamification: a service marketing perspective. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Academic MindTrek Conference, pp. 17–22. MindTrek 2012, ACM, New York, NY, USA, October 2012
Liang, L., Xu, M.: Using tradable credit scheme for morning commuting congestion Management with an activity-based approach. In: 2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC), pp. 962–967, October 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8916997
Lopez, P.A., et al.: Microscopic traffic simulation using sumo. In: The 21st IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems. IEEE (2018). https://elib.dlr.de/124092/
Lopez, P.A., et al.: Microscopic traffic simulation using SUMO. In: The 21st IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, pp. 2575–2582. 2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC), IEEE, Maui, HI, November 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569938
Lütteken, N., Zimmermann, M., Bengler, K.J.: Using gamification to motivate human cooperation in a lane-change scenario. In: 2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), pp. 899–906, November 2016
Miralinaghi, M., Peeta, S.: Promoting zero-emissions vehicles using robust multi-period tradable credit scheme. Transp. Res. Part D: Transp. Environ. 75, 265–285 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.08.012
Nawari, N.O., Ravindran, S.: Blockchain and the built environment: potentials and limitations. J. Build. Eng. 25, 100832 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100832
Ricci, A., et al.: Study on urban vehicle access regulations. Final Report, European commission, directorate-general for mobility and transport, April 2017
Rúbio, T.R.P.M., Kokkinogenis, Z., Cardoso, H.L., Rossetti, R.J.F., Oliveira, E.: Regulating blockchain smart contracts with agent-based markets. In: Moura Oliveira, P., Novais, P., Reis, L.P. (eds.) Progress in Artificial Intelligence. pp. 399–411. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30241-2_34
Shreenath, V.M., Kornevs, M., Raghothama, J., Meijer, S.: A feasibility study for gamification in transport maintenance: requirements to implement gamification in heterogeneous organizations. In: 2015 7th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-Games), pp. 1–7, September 2015
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World urbanization prospects: the 2018 revision (2019)
Acknowledgment
This work is a result of project DynamiCITY: Fostering Dynamic Adaptation of Smart Cities to Cope with Crises and Disruptions, with reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000073, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). This research has been developed within the Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory, University of Porto (LIACC), FCT/UID/CEC/0027/2020, funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Martins, S., Costa, A., Kokkinogenis, Z., Rossetti, R.J.F. (2022). Enabling Citizen-Centric ITS Services Through Blockchain and Human Incentives. In: Martins, A.L., Ferreira, J.C., Kocian, A. (eds) Intelligent Transport Systems. INTSYS 2021. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 426. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97603-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97603-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-97602-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-97603-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)