Skip to main content
Log in

Surgical Robotics: An Introduction

  • Published:
Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Surgical robots assisting surgeons during operations are being used in selected medical fields like neurosurgery, orthopaedics and endoscopy. In an introductory part, the authors present a workflow for robot assisted surgery, which includes the steps: image data acquisition, image processing, surgical planning and the actual robot assisted intraoperative transposition. Each step of the workflow comprises different computer aided methods and apparatuses, which are presented in this paper. The following part focuses on different mechanical set-ups and various application fields for surgical robots. They include neurosurgery, orthopaedic surgery, radiosurgery and radiotherapy, prostatectomy, endoscopy, laparoscopy, cardiac surgery and craniofacial surgery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Barger, W., Taylor, J., Leathers, M., and Carbone, E.: Report of human pilot study: 3-D imaging and robotics for cementless total hip replacement, in: Proc. of the 1st Internat. Sympos. on Medical Robotics and Computer Aided Surgery (MRCAS'94), Vol. 1, Pittsburgh, PA, 1994.

  2. Basdogan, C., Ho, C., Srinivasan, M., Small, S., and Dawson, S.: Force interactions in laparoscopic simulations: Haptic rendering of soft tissues, in: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality, IOS-Press, Ohmsha, San Diego, 1998, pp. 385–391.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bauer, A., Börner,M., and Lahmer, A.,: ROBODOC-animal experiment and clinical evaluation, in: Proc. of 1st Joint Conf. on Computer Vision, Virtual Reality and Robotics in Medicine and Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery (CVRMed-MRCAS'97), Grenoble, France, 1997.

  4. Boerner, M., Lahmer, A., Bauer, A., and Stier, U.: Experiences with the ROBODOC system in more than 1000 cases, in: Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR'98), Tokyo, Japan, 1998, pp. 689–693.

  5. Bohner, P. and Hoffmann, M.: An artificial sensitive skin for reactive planning and execution of manipulator paths, in: Proc. of the Internat. Sympos. on Intelligent Robotic Systems (SIRS'95), Pisa, Italy, 1995.

  6. Brandt, G., Radermacher, K., Rau, G., and Staudte, H.-W.: Development of a X-ray imageguided parallel robot for orthopaedic surgery, in: Proc. of the IARP 2nd Internat. Workshop on Medical Robotics, Heidelberg, Germany, 1997.

  7. Burckhardt, C., Flury, P., and Glauser, D.: Stereotactic brain surgery-integrated minerva system meets demanding robotic requirements, IEEE Engrg. Medicine Biology 14(3) (1995), 314–317.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Burghart, C., Keitel, J., Hassfeld, S., Rembold, U., and Wörn, H.: Robot controlled osteotomy in craniofacial surgery, in: Proc. of the 1st Internat. Workshop on Haptic Devices in Medical Applications, HDMA, Paris, June 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Burghart, C., Wurll, C., Henrich, D., Raczkowsky, J., Rembold, U., and Wörn, H.: Motion planning in surgical applications, in: The 24th Anual Conf. of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON'98), Aachen, Germany, September 1998.

  10. Cutting, C., Bookstein, F., and Taylor, R.: Applications of simulation, morphometrics, and robotics in kraniofazial surgery, in: R. Raylor, S. Lavalée, G. Burdea, and R. Mösges (eds.), Computer Integarted Surgery, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Davies, B., Hibberd, R., Ng, W., Timoney, A., and Wickham, J.: Developmemt of a surgeon robot for prostatectomies, J. Engrg. Med., Porc. Inst. of Mech. Engrg. 205(1991) 35–38.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Finlay, P. and Ornstein, M.: Controlling the movement of a surgical laparoscope-endosista, with four degrees of freedom, operates in concert with surgeon's intuitive head motions, IEEE Engrg. in Medicine and Biology 14(3) (1995), 289–291.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Grabowski, H., Brief, J., Hassfeld, S., Krempien, R., Raczkowsky, J., Wörn, H., and Rembold, U.: Model-based registration of medical images using finite element meshes, in: Proc. of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CAR'98), Tokyo, 1998.

  14. Harris, S., Lin, W., Hibberd, R., Cobb, J., Middleton, R., and Davies, B.: Experiences with robotic systems for knee surgery, in: Proc. of the CVRMed-MRCAS '97, Grenoble, France, 1997.

  15. Hassfeld, S., Burghart, C., Bertovic, I., Raczkowsky, J., Rembold, U., Wörn, H., and Mühling, J.: Intraoperative navigation techniques: Accuracy tests and clinical report, in: Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR'98), Tokyo, Japan, 1998, pp. 670–675.

  16. Heissler, E., Hein, A., Bolouri, S., Albrecht, J., Demitras, M., Hell, B., Lueth, T., and Bier, J.: Robot supported insertion of catherters for hyperthermia and brachytherapy, in: Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR'98), Tokyo, Japan, 1998, pp. 660–663.

  17. Holler, E. and Weber, W.: System and control concepts for a elemanipulator system to be applied in minimally invasive surgery, in: The first IARP Workshop on Micro Robotic Systems, Karlsruhe, Germany, 1993.

  18. Jacobs, V. and Morrison, J.: Computer in the O.R. for quality control-intraoperative data acquisition model for laparoscopy, in: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality, IOS-Press, Ohmsha, San Diego, 1998, pp. 359–360.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kuhn, C., Kühnapfel, U., and Krumm, H.: A virtual reality based system for minimal invasive surgery, in: Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR'96), Paris, France, 1996.

  20. Lueth, T. C. et al.: A surgical robot system for maxillofacial surgery, in: Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, Aachen, September 1998.

  21. Masamune, K., Ji, L.-H., Suzuki, M., Dohi, T., Iseki, H., and Takakura, K.: A new development of a stereotactic robot with detachable drive for robot assisted surgery, in: Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR'98), Tokyo, Japan, 1998, pp. 664–669.

  22. Meister, D., Pokrandt, P., and Both, A.: Milling accuracy in robot assisted orthopedic surgery, in: Proc. of the 24th Annual Conf. of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Societey, Aachen, Germany, 1998.

  23. Münchenberg, J., Haßfeld, S., Raczkowsky, J., Rembold, U., and Wörn, H.: Expert supported operation planning in maxillofacial surgery, in: Proc. of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CAR'98), Tokyo, 1998.

  24. Munne, J., Peshkin, M., Mirkovic, S., Stulberg, S., and Kienzle, T.: A stereotactic and robotic system for pedicle screw replacement, in: Interactive Technology and the New Paradigm for Healthcare, IOS Press and Ohmsha, 1995, pp. 326–333.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Pokrandt, P.: Fast non-supervised matching: A probabilistic approach, in: Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR'96), Paris, June 1996.

  26. Ross, M., Montgomery, K., Linton, S., Cheng, R., and Smith, J.: A national center for biocomputation: In search of a patient-specific interactive virtual surgery workbench, in: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality, IOS-Press, Ohmsha, San Diego, 1998, pp. 323–328.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Salcudean, S., Ku, S., and Bell, G.: Performance measurement in scaled teleoperation for microsurgery, in: Proc. of 1st Joint Conf. on Computer Vision, Virtual Reality and Robotics in Medicine and Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery (CVRMed-MRCAS'97), Grenoble, France, 1997.

  28. Schneider, O., Troccaz, J., Chavanon, O., and Blin, D.: Synergistic robotic assistance to cardiac procedures, in: Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CARS'99), Paris, 1999, pp. 803–807.

  29. Schulham, P.,Docimo, S., Caddedu, J., Saleh,W., Brietenbach, C., Moore, R., and Kavoussi, L.: Feasibility of a laparascopic telesurgery, in: Proc. of the CVRMed-MRCAS '97, Grenoble, France, 1997.

  30. Schweikardt, A., Tombropoulos, R., Kavraki, L., Adler, J., and Latombe, J.: Treatment planning for a radiosurgical system with general kinematics, in: Proc. of the IEEE Internat. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, 1994, pp. 1720–1727.

  31. Taffinder, N., Sutton C., Fishwick R., McManus, I., and Darzi, A.: Validation of virtual reality to teach and assess psychomotor skills in laparoscopic surgery: Results from randomized con trolled studies using the MIST VR laparoscopic simulator, in: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality, IOS-Press, Ohmsha, San Diego, 1998, pp. 124–130.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Tseng, C., Lee, Y., Chan, Y., Wu, S., and Chiu, A.: A PC-based surgical simulator for laparoscopic surgery, in: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality, IOS-Press, Ohmsha, San Diego, 1998, pp. 155–160.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Uecker, D., Lee, C., Wang, Y. F., and Wang, Y.: Automated instrument tracking in robotically assisted laparoscopic surgery, J. Image Guided Surgery 1(1995) 308–325.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Voges, U., Holler, E., Neisius, B., Schurr, M., and Vollmer, Th.: Evaluation of ARTEMIS, the advanced robotics and telemanipulator system for minimally invasive surgery, in: Proc. of the IARP 2nd Internat. Workshop on Medical Robotics, Heidelberg, Germany, 1997.

  35. Wapler, M., Weisener, Th., and Urban, V.: Precision robot assisted surgery with motion feedback, in: Proc. of the IARP 2nd Internat. Workshop on Medical Robtics, Heidelberg, Germany, 1997.

  36. Wrage, J.: Robotereinsatz in der Chirurgie, Neue Züricher Zeitung, Nr. 113 (May 1999).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rembold, U., Burghart, C.R. Surgical Robotics: An Introduction. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems 30, 1–28 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008159527787

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008159527787

Navigation