References
Anderson, John R. (1983), Architecture of Cognition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bonatti, Luca (1994), ‘Propositional Reasoning byModel?’, Psychological Review 101, pp. 725–733.
Braine, Martin D. S.; O'Brien, David P.; Noveck, Ira A.; Samuels, Mark C.; Lea, R. Brooke; Fisch, Shalom M.; and Yang, Yingrui (1995), ‘Predicting Intermediate and Multiple Conclusions in Propositional Logic Inference Problems: Further Evidence for a Mental Logic’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 124, pp. 263–292.
Braine, Martin D. S.; Reiser, Brian J.; and Rumain, Barbara (1984), ‘Some Empirical Justification for a Theory of Natural Propositional Logic’, Psychology of Learning and Motivation 18, pp. 313–371.
Braine, Martin D. S., and Rumain, B. (1983), ‘Logical Reasoning’, in John H. Flavell and Ellen M. Markman, eds., Cognitive Development: Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3, New York: John Wiley, pp. 263–340.
Byrne, Ruth M. J. (1989), ‘Suppressing Valid Inferences with Conditionals’, Cognition 31, pp. 61–83.
Evans, Jonathan St. B. T.; Newstead, Stephen E.; and Byrne, Ruth M. J. (1993), Human Reasoning, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Ford, Marilyn (1995), ‘Two Modes of Mental Representation and Problem Solution in Syllogistic Reasoning’, Cognition 54, pp. 1–71.
Greene, Steven B. (1992), ‘Multiple Explanations for Multiply Quantified Sentences: Are Multiple Models Necessary?’, Psychological Review 99, pp. 184–187.
Hayes, John R. (1965), ‘Problem Topology and the Solution Process’, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 4, pp. 371–379.
Hodges, Wilfrid (1993), ‘The Logical Content of Theories of Deduction’, Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16, pp. 353–354.
Holland, John H.; Holyoak, Keith J.; Nisbett, Richard E.; and Thagard, Paul R. (1986), Induction: Processes of lnference, Learning, and Discovery, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1989), ‘Mental Models’, in Michael I. Posner, ed., Foundations of Cognitive Science, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 469–499.
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1997a), ‘Rules and Illusions: A Critical Study of Rips's The Psychology of Proof’, Minds and Machines 7, pp. 387–407.
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1997b), ‘An End to the Controversy? A Reply to Rips’, Minds and Machines 7, pp. 425–432.
Johnson-Laird, P. N., and Bara, Bruno G. (1984), ‘Syllogistic Inference’, Cognition 16, pp. 1–61.
Johnson-Laird, P. N.; Byrne, Ruth M. J.; and Schaeken, Walter (1992), ‘Propositional Reasoning by Model’, Psychological Review 99, pp. 418–439.
Johnson-Laird, P. N.; Byrne, Ruth, M. J.; and Schaeken, W. (1994), ‘Why Models Rather than Rules Give a Better Account of Propositional Reasoning: A Reply to Bonatti and to O'Brien, Braine, and Yang’, Psychological Review 101, pp. 734–739.
Johnson-Laird, P. N.; Byrne, Ruth M. J.; and Tabossi, Patrizia (1992), ‘In Defense of Reasoning: A Reply to Greene’, Psychological Review 99, pp. 188–190.
Johnson-Laird, P. N., and Savary, Fabien (1995), ‘How to Make the Impossible Seem Probable’, in Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Pittsburgh, PA), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 381–384.
Newell, Allen (1990), Unified Theories of Cognition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Oaksford, M., and Stenning, K. (1992), ‘Reasoning with Conditionals Containing Negated Constituents’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 18, pp. 835–854.
Osherson, Daniel N. (1974–1976), Logical Abilities in Children (Vols. 2–4), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Politzer, Guy, and Braine, Martin D. S. (1991), ‘Responses to Inconsistent Premises Cannot Count as Suppression of Valid Inferences’, Cognition 38, pp. 103–108.
Pylyshyn, Zenon (1989), ‘Computing in Cognitive Science’, in Michael I. Posner, ed., Foundations of Cognitive Science, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 49–91.
Quine, Willard Van Orman (1982), Methods of Logic, 4th edition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Rips, Lance J. (1986), ‘Mental Muddles’, in Myles Brand and Robert M. Harnish, eds., The Representation of Knowledge and Belief, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, pp. 258–286.
Rips, Lance J. (1989), ‘The Psychology of Knights and Knaves’, Cognition 31, pp. 85–116.
Rips, Lance J. (1994), ThePsychology of Proof:Deductive Reasoning in Human Thinking, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Rips, Lance J. (1995), ‘Deduction and Cognition’, in Edward E. Smith and Daniel N. Osherson, eds., Thinking, 2nd edition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 297–343.
Simon, Herbert A. (1975), ‘The Functional Equivalence of Problem Solving Skills’, Cognitive Psychology 7, pp. 268–288.
Stenning, Keith; Cox, Richard; and Oberlander, Jon (1995), ‘Contrasting the Cognitive Effects of Graphical and Sentential Logic Teaching’, Language and Cognitive Processes 10, pp. 333–354.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rips, L.J. Goals for a Theory of Deduction: Reply to Johnson-Laird. Minds and Machines 7, 409–424 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008234725870
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008234725870