Abstract
Mobile ad hoc networks are characterized by multi-hop wireless links, absence of any cellular infrastructure, and frequent host mobility. Design of efficient routing protocols in such networks is a challenging issue. A class of routing protocols called on-demand protocols has recently found attention because of their low routing overhead. The on-demand protocols depend on query floods to discover routes whenever a new route is needed. Such floods take up a substantial portion of network bandwidth. We focus on a particular on-demand protocol, called Dynamic Source Routing, and show how intelligent use of multipath techniques can reduce the frequency of query floods. We develop an analytic modeling framework to determine the relative frequency of query floods for various techniques. Our modeling effort shows that while multipath routing is significantly better than single path routing, the performance advantage is small beyond a few paths and for long path lengths. It also shows that providing all intermediate nodes in the primary (shortest) route with alternative paths has a significantly better performance than providing only the source with alternate paths. We perform some simulation experiments which validate these findings.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Alaettinoglu, A.U. Shankar, K. Dussa-Zieger and I. Matta, Design and implementation of MaRS: A routing testbed, Journal of Internetworking: Research and Experience 5(1) (1994) 17–41.
J. Broch, D.A. Maltz, D.B. Johnson, Y.-C. Hu and J. Jetcheva, A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols, in: Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking (ACM MOBICOM'98) (October 1998) pp. 85–97.
J. Broch, D. Johnson and D. Maltz, The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks, IETF Internet Draft (work in progress), http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-manet-dsr-03.txt (October 1999).
R. Castañeda and S.R. Das, Query localization techniques for ondemand protocols in ad hoc networks, in: Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking (ACM MOBICOM'99) (1999) pp. 186–194.
S.R. Das, R. Castañeda, J. Yan and R. Sengupta, Comparative performance evaluation of routing protocols for mobile, ad hoc networks, in: Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Computer Communications and Networks (IC3N) (October 1998) pp. 153–161.
K.J. Negus et al., HomeRF and SWAP: Wireless networking for the connected home, ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review 2(4) (October 1998) 28–37.
D. Johnson and D. Maltz, Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks, in: Mobile Computing, eds. T. Imielinski and H. Korth (Kluwer Academic, 1996) chapter 5.
J. Jubin and J.D. Tornow, The DARPA packet radio network protocols, Proceedings of the IEEE 75(1) (January 1987) 21–32.
S. Keshav, An Engineering Approach to Computer Networking: ATM Networks, the Internet, and the Telephone Network (Addison-Wesley, 1997) chapter 11.
J. Macker and S. Corson, Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manetcharter. html, IETF Working Group Charter (1997).
V.D. Park and M.S. Corson, A highly adaptive distributed routing algorithm for mobile wireless networks, in: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM'97 Conf. (April 1997) pp. 1405–1413.
C. Perkins and E. Royer, Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing, in: Proc. 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (February 1999) pp. 90–100.
S. Ross, Introduction to Probability Models (Academic Press, 1989).
N. Schacham and J. Westcott, Future directions in packet radio architectures and protocols, Proceedings of the IEEE 75(1) (January 1987) 83–99.
A.U. Shankar, C. Alaettinoglu, K. Dussa-Zieger and I. Matta, Transient and steady-state performance of routing protocols: Distancevector versus link-state, Journal of Internetworking: Research and Experience 6 (1995) 59–87. (Preliminary version appeared in: Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS/PERFORMANCE Conf. (1992) pp. 181–192.)
W.T. Zaumen and J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, Loop-free multipath routing using generalized diffusing computations, in: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM’ 98 Conf. (March 1998) pp. 1408–1417.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nasipuri, A., Castañeda, R. & Das, S.R. Performance of Multipath Routing for On-Demand Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Mobile Networks and Applications 6, 339–349 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011426611520
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011426611520