Skip to main content
Log in

Building 3-D Visual Perception of a Mobile Robot Employing Extended Kalman Filter

  • Published:
Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The paper aims at designing a novel scheme for sensory data fusion by a mobile robot for reconstructing its 3-D world from their multiple gray images. Extended Kalman filter has been employed for determining the coordinates of the 3-D vertices and equation of the planes of the obstacles in the robot's workspace from their multiple images. The geometric relations among these 3-D planes are then determined by using a logic program for recognizing the obstacles. The time required for recognition of a typical planer obstacle such as a box on a Pentium-III client with 64 MB RAM and a Pioneer-2 type robot server including the time involvement for the motion of the robot around the obstacle is approximately 18 seconds.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alferes, J. J. and Pereira L. M.: Reasoning with Logic Programming,Springer, Heidelberg, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Asada, M.: Map building for a mobile robot from sensory data,IEEE Trans. Systems Man Cybernet.37(6) (1990), 1326–1336.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ayache, N.: Artificial Vision for Mobile Robot, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ayache, N. and Faugeras, O. D.: Building a consistent 3-D representation of the mobile robot environment by combining multi stereo views, in: Proc. of the Internat. Joint Conf. on Articificial Intelligence,August 1987.

  5. Biswas, B., Konar, A., and Mukherjee, A. K.: Fuzzy moments for digital image matching, in: Proc. of Internat. Conf. on Control, Automation, Robotics and Computer Vision, ICARCV '98, 1998; also communicated to Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,Elsevier Publications, North-Holland.

  6. Brown, R. G. and Hwang, P. Y. C.: Introduction to Random Signals and Applied Kalman Filtering, Wiley, New York,1997.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Dean, T., Allen, J., and Aloimonos, Y.:Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Practice,Addition-Wesley, Reading, MA,1995. 120 S. PATNAIK ET AL.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Elfes, A.: Sonar-based real-world mapping and navigation,J. Robotics Automat. 3(3) (1987), 249–264.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Jahne, B.: Practical Handbook on: Image Processing for Scientific Applications, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kalman, R. E.: A new approach to linear filtering and prediction problems,Trans. ASME J. Basic Engrg. (March 1960), 35–45.

  11. Merek, V. W., Nerode, A., and Truszczyn'ski, M.: Logic Programming and Non Monotonic Reasoning, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence,Springer, Berlin, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Pagac, D., Nebot, E. M., and Durrant-Whyte, H.: An evidential approach to map-building for autonomous vehicles,IEEE Trans. Robotics Automat. 14(4) (1998),623–629.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Patnaik, S.: Building cognition for mobile robots, PhD Thesis, Submitted in Jadavpur University, September 1999.

  14. Patnaik, S., Konar, A., and Mandal, A. K.: Map building and navigation by a robotic manipulator, in: Proc. of Internat. Conf. on Information Technology, Bhubaneswar, December 1998, TATA/McGraw-Hill, pp. 227–232.

  15. Patnaik, S., Konar, A., and Mandal, A. K.: Visual perception for navigational planning and coordination of mobile robots,Indian J. Engrg. 26 (1998),21–37.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Patnaik, S., Konar, A., and Mandal, A. K.: Building 3-D visual perception of a mobile robot using extended Kalman filtering, in: Proc. of the All India Seminar on Information Technology: Opportunity and Challenges, March 2000, pp.58–63.

  17. Schalkoff, R. J.: Digital Image Processing and Computer Vision, Wiley, New York, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Taylor, C. J. and Kriegman, D. J.: Vision-based motion planning and exploration algorithm for mobile robots, IEEE Trans. Robotics Automat. 14(3) (1998),417–426.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Waltz, D.: Understanding line drawings of scenes with shadows, in: P. H. Winston (ed.), Psychology of Computer Vision,MIT Press, Cambridge, MA,1972.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Patnaik, S., Konar, A. & Mandal, A.K. Building 3-D Visual Perception of a Mobile Robot Employing Extended Kalman Filter. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems 34, 99–120 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015524102952

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015524102952

Navigation