Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

HLR Replication Protocols for Global Mobility Management in PCS Networks

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The new trend for PCS networks is to provide mobile users with large-scalemobile capability across many service areas. In this scenario, global databasemanagement for PCS networks has become an increasingly important researchissue.In this paper, we examined two replicated database strategies,single-replica (SR) and multiple-replica (MR), for large-scalemobility of per-user data management in personal communicationnetworks. The SR strategy uses a single replica approach of HLR.The MR strategy replicates the per-user data of HLR in manyregions. The two strategies are based a partial replicationscheme, and a primary copy method is used to maintain replicas'consistency. Our numerical results show that the MR strategyoutperforms the SR strategy in most situations; however, it may beworse when the probability of a mobile user visiting a foreignregion is high and the query rates from other foreign regions arelow. Additionally, the number of replicas should be compact in theMR strategy in order to achieve a reasonable query response time.Therefore, we propose an adaptive multiple replication protocol tochoose a suitable replication strategy and to decide the optimizednumber of replicas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. I.F. Akyildiz, J. McNair, J.S.M. Ho, H. Uzunalioglu and W. Wang, “Mobility Management in Nextgeneration Wireless Systems”, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 87, No. 8, pp. 1347-1384, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  2. B.R. Badrinath and T. Imielinski, “Replication and Mobility”, in Proceedings of 2nd IEEE Workshop on Management of Replicated Data, Monterey, CA, November 1992, pp. 9-12.

  3. B.K. Harumoto, M. Tsukamoto, S. Nishio and T. Takine, “On Strategies for Allocating Replicas of Mobile Databases”, IEICE Trans. Inf. and Syst., Vol. E81-D, No. 1, pp. 37-46, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  4. B. Gabelgaard, “The (GSM) HLR - Advantages and Challenges”, in Proc. of Third IEEE Int. Conf. on Universal Personal Communications, Sept. 1994, pp. 335-339.

  5. D.J. Goodman, G. Pollini and K.S. Meier-Hellstern, “Network Control forWireless Communications”, IEEE Commun. Mag., pp. 116-124, 1992.

  6. Y. Huang, P. Sistla and O. Wolfson, “Data Replication for Mobile Computers”, in Proceedings of the ACMSIGMOD, May 1994, pp. 13-24.

  7. Y. Huang and O. Wolfson, “Object Allocation in Distributed Databases and Mobile Computers”, in IEEE Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Data Engineering, Feb. 1994, pp. 20-29.

  8. G.C. Lee, T.-P. Wang and C.-C. Tseng, “Resetting Forwarding Pointers with Delay Propagation Schemes in a Distributed HLR Environment”, IEICE Transactions on Communications, Vol.E84-B, No. 4, 2001.

  9. R. Jain, Y.B. Lin, C. Lo and S. Mohan, “A Caching Strategy to Reduce Network Impacts of PCS”, IEEE JSAC, Vol. 12, pp. 1434-1444, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  10. L. Kleinrock, Queueing Systems - Volume I: Theory, Wiley-Interscience, New York, U.S.A., 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  11. K.K. Leung and Y. Levy, “Global Mobility Management by Replicated Databases in Personal Communication Networks”, IEEE JSAC, Vol. 15, No. 8, pp. 1582-1596, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  12. K.K. Leung, “An Update Algorithm for Replicated Signaling Databases in Wireless and Advanced Intelligent Networks”, IEEE Trans. on Computers, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 362-367, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Y.B. Lin, "Failure Restoration of Mobility Databases for Personal Communication Networks", Wireless Networks, Vol. 1, No. 3, 365-372, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Y.B. Lin and I. Chlamtac, Wireless and Mobile Network Architectures, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.

  15. Y.B. Lin, “Overflow Control for Cellular Mobility Databases”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 520-530, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Y.B. Lin, “Eliminating Overflow for Large-ScaleMobility Databases in Cellular Telephone Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 356-370, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mohan, S. and Jain, R., “Two User Lacation Strategies for Personal Communications Services”, IEEE Personal Comunications, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 42-50, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  18. O. Wolfson, S. Jajodia and Y. Huang, An Adaptive Data Replication Algorithm”, ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 255-314, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  19. A. Zaslavsky, M. Faiz, B. Srinvasan, A. Rasheed and S. Lai, “Primary Copy Method and Its Modifications for Database Replication in Distributed Mobile Computing Environment”, in IEEE 15th Symposium On Reliable Distributed Systems, 1996, pp. 178-187.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, HsinChu, 30050, Taiwan, R.O.C

    Gwo-Chuan Lee & Chien-Chao Tseng

  2. Department of Computer Science and Information Management, Providence University, Shalu, 433, TaiChung, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    Tsan-Pin Wang

Authors
  1. Gwo-Chuan Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tsan-Pin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chien-Chao Tseng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tsan-Pin Wang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lee, GC., Wang, TP. & Tseng, CC. HLR Replication Protocols for Global Mobility Management in PCS Networks. Wireless Personal Communications 24, 71–95 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022381025411

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022381025411