Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Real-Time Traffic Scheduling and Routing in Packet-Switched Networks Using a Least-Laxity-First Strategy

  • Published:
Journal of VLSI signal processing systems for signal, image and video technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we address the problem of transmission scheduling and buffer management at a switch in a high-speed packet-switched network. Future computer networks are expected to carry bursty real-time multimedia traffic with specific time-delay requirements. We propose a technique to schedule competing packets at a switch in a packet-switched network with two objectives—(i) maximizing the number of packets that would reach their destination before their deadline has been reached (ii) minimizing the number of packets dropped in transit in the network. The method is broadly based on the popular least-laxity heuristic in real-time process scheduling and is combined with buffer management at the switch.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R. Agarwal and A.M.K. Cheng, "ReducingVariation in Bit-Rate Produced by Encoder in MPEG Video," in Proceedings of the IEEE-CS Intl. Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Florence, Italy, 1999, pp. 6-10.

  2. X. Chen and A.M.K. Cheng, "An Imprecise Algorithm for Real-Time Compressed Image/Video Transmission," in Proceedings of the 6th Intl. Conf. on Computer Communications and Networks, Las Vegas, Nevada, Sept. 1997.

  3. X. Huang and A.M.K. Cheng, "Applying Imprecise Computation Algorithms to Real-Time Image and Video Transmission," in Proceedings of the IEEE-CS Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Chicago, Illinois, May 1995.

  4. L. Miller and A.M.K. Cheng, "CAC with Bandwidth Reallocation and Active Channel Rerouting Techniques in ATM Networks: Simulation and Performance Results," in International Conference on Applied Simulation and Modeling (ASM 2000), Banff, Canada, July 24-26, 2000.

  5. L. Miller and A.M.K. Cheng, "Admission of High Priority Real-Time Calls in an ATM Network via Bandwidth Reallocation and Dynamic Rerouting of Active Channels," in Proceedings of the 21st IEEE-CS Real-Time Systems Symposium, Orlando, FL, Nov. 2000.

  6. L.D. Nguyen and A.M.K. Cheng, "An Imprecise Real-Time Image Magnification Algorithm," in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Multimedia Systems, Japan, Mar. 1996.

  7. C.Wong and A.M.K. Cheng, "AnApproach for ImpreciseTransmission of TIFF Image Files Through Congested Real-Time ATMNetworks," in Proceedings of the 22nd Intl. Conf. on Local Computer Networks, Minneapolis, MN, Nov. 1997.

  8. D.D. Kandlur and D. Ferrari, "Real-Time Communication in Multi-Hop Networks," in Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, May 1991, pp. 300-307.

  9. Q. Zheng, K.G. Shin, and C. Shen, "Real-Time Communication in ATMNetworks," in Proceedings of 19th IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, vol. 10, 1994, pp. 156-164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Q. Zheng and K.G. Shin, "Real-Time Communication in Local Area Ring Networks," in Proceedings of 17th IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, vol. 20, 1992, pp. 416-425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. K.C. Kwan, and P. Ramanathan, "Multiple Route Real-Time Channels in Packet-Switched Networks," in Proceedings of IEEE Real Time Systems Symposium, 1994, pp. 74-83.

  12. R.West and C. Poellabauer, "Analysis of aWindow-Constrained Scheduler for Real-Time and Best-Effort Packet Streams," in Proceedings of the 21st IEEE-CS Real-Time Systems Symposium, Orlando, FL, Nov. 2000.

  13. R.-G. Cheng, C.-J. Chang, and L.-F. Lin, "A QoS-Provisioning Neural Fuzzy Connection Admission Controller for Multimedia High-Speed Networks," IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 7, no. 1, 1999, pp. 111-121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Zhang, and D. Ferrari, "Rate-Controlled Static-Priority Queueing," in IEEE INFOCOM: Proceedings of Conference on Computer Communications., vol. 1, 1993, pp. 227-236.

    Google Scholar 

  15. K. Sriram, "Methodologies for Bandwidth Allocation, Transmission Scheduling and Congestion Avoidance in Broadband ATM Networks," Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, vol. 26, 1993, pp. 43-59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Chipalkatti, J.F. Kurose, and D.Towsley, "Scheduling Policies for Real-Time and Non-Real-Time Traffic in a Statistical Multiplxer," in Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM'89, 1989, pp. 774-783.

  17. J.M. Hyman, A.A. Lazar, and G. Pacifici, "Real-Time Scheduling with Quality of Service Constraints," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 9, 1991, pp. 1052-1063.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J.M. Peja, and F.A. Tobagi, "Evaluating Scheduling Algorithms for Traffic with Heterogenous Performance Objectives," in Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM, 1990, pp. 21-27.

  19. I.R. Philp, and J.W.S. Liu, "End-to-End Scheduling in Real-Time Packet Switched Networks," in Proceedings of International Conference on Network Protocols, Oct. 1996, pp. 23-30.

  20. A. Demers, S. Keshav, and S. Shenker, "Analysis and Simulation of a Fair Queueing Algorithm," SIGCOMM Symposium on Communication Architectures and Protocols, vol. 9, 1989, pp. 1-12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. A.K. Parekh, and R.G. Gallagher, "A Generalized Processor Sharing Approach to Flow Control in Integrated Services Networks: The Multiple Node Case," in IEEE INFOCOM-Proceedings of Conference on Computer Communications, vol. 2, 1993, pp. 521-530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. S. Golestani, "A Stop-and-Go Queueing Framework for Congestion Management," in Proceedings of IEEE SIGCOMM'90, vol. 9, 1990, pp. 8-18.

    Google Scholar 

  23. L. Zang, "Virtual Clock: A New Traffic Control Algorithms for Cell Switching Networks," in Proceedings of IEEE SIGCOMM' 90, vol. 9, 1990, pp. 19-29.

    Google Scholar 

  24. H. Saito, "Optimal Queueing Discipline for Real-Time Traffic at ATM Switching Nodes," IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 38, 1990, pp. 2131-2136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. C.R. Kalmanek, H. Kanakia, and S. Keshav, "Rate Controlled Servers for Very High-Speed Networks," in IEEE GLOBECOM-Proceedings of Conference on Global Communications, 1990, pp. 12-20.

  26. J.R. Jackson, "Scheduling a Production Line to Minimize Maximum Tardiness, Research," Report 43, Management Science Research Project, UCLA, 1955.

  27. C.L. Liu, and J.W. Layland, "Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard Real-Time Environment," Journal of the ACM, vol. 20, 1973, pp.46-61.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. D. Ferrari and D.C. Verma, "A Scheme for Real-Time Channel Establishment in Wide-Area Networks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 8, 1990, pp. 368-379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. M.L. Dertouzos and A.K. Mok, "Multiprocessor On-Line Scheduling of Hard-Real-Time Tasks," IEEE Trans. Software Engineering, vol. 15, 1989, pp. 1497-1506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. A.M.K. Cheng, "Real-Time Systems: Scheduling, Analysis, and Verification," Ch. 3, ISBN # 0471-184063, John Wiley, 2002.

  31. A.M.K. Cheng, "Scheduling Transactions in Real-Time Database Systems," in Proceedings of the IEEE-CS Computer Conf.,San Francisco, CA, Feb. 1993, pp. 222-231.

  32. A.M.K. Cheng and L. Zhang, "An Efficient On-Line Scheduler for Real-Time Main Memory Database Systems," in Proceedings of the IEEE Intl. Conf. on Data and Knowledge Systems for Manufacturing and Engineering, Hong Kong, 1994, pp. 680-685.

  33. A.M.K. Cheng and X. Gu, "Improving the I/O Performance of Real-Time Database Systems with Multiple-Disk Storage Structures," in Proceedings of the 25th Intl. Conf. on Parallel Processing, Bloomingdale, IL, vol. I, Aug. 1996, pp. 204-211.

  34. C. Cheng, R. Riley, and S.P.R. Kumar, "A Loop-Free Extended Bellman-Ford Routing Protocol without Bouncing Effect," ACM SIGCOMM-Computer Communications Review, vol. 19, 1989, pp. 224-236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. C. Alaettinoglu, K. Dussa-Zieger, I. Matta, and A.U. Shankar, MaRS-Maryland Routing Simulator Version 1.0, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, 1991.

  36. S.M. Bak, A.M.K. Cheng et al., "Load-Balanced Routing in Real-Time Packet-Switched Networks," in Proceedings of the 25th Intl. Conf. on Local Computer Networks, 2000, pp. 634-643.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Real-Time Systems Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA

    Albert M.K. Cheng & Sudhir M. Rao

Authors
  1. Albert M.K. Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sudhir M. Rao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cheng, A.M., Rao, S.M. Real-Time Traffic Scheduling and Routing in Packet-Switched Networks Using a Least-Laxity-First Strategy. The Journal of VLSI Signal Processing-Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 34, 139–148 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022826023262

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022826023262

Search

Navigation