Skip to main content
Log in

Functional Behavioral Assessment Using the LERS Data Mining System—Strategies for Understanding Complex Physiological and Behavioral Patterns

  • Published:
Journal of Intelligent Information Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Many individuals with mental retardation, autism, and other related disabilities lead lives that are significantly restricted because of problem behaviors such as self-injury and aggression. We processed two data sets, one describing heart rate patterns and the other describing the behavioral events of one subject diagnosed with severe mental retardation, visual impairments, and severe problem behavior. From these data sets the LERS data mining system induced certain and possible rule sets. In our research these rule sets were successfully used for interpretation, or, more specifically, to discover mechanisms of triggering specific physiological and behavioral patterns.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bakeman, R. and Gottman, J.M. (1986). Observing Interaction: An Introduction to Sequential Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boccia, M.L. and Roberts, J.E. (2000). Computer-Assisted Integration of Physiological and Behavioral Measures. In T. Thompson, D. Felce, and F.J. Symons (Eds.), Behavioral Observation: Technology and Applications in Developmental Disabilities (pp. 83–97). Baltimore, MD: Paul. Brookes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Booker, L.B., Goldberg, D.E., and Holland, J.F. (1990). Classifier Systems and Genetic Algorithms. In J.G. Carbonell (Ed.), Machine Learning Paradigms and Methods (pp. 235–282). The MIT Press.

  • Derby, K.M., Wacker, D.P., Sasso, G., Steege, M., Northrup, J., Cigrand, K., and Asmus, J. (1992). Brief Functional Assessment Techniques to Evaluate Aberrant Behavior in an Outpatient Clinic:ASummary of 79 Cases. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 25, 713–721.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster-Johnson, L. and Dunlap, G. (1993). Using Functional Assessment to Develop Effective, Individualized Interventions for Challenging Behaviors. Teaching Exceptional Children, 25, 44–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman, R.L., Grzymala-Busse, J.W., Riffel, L.A., and Schroeder, S.R. (2001a). A Self-Injurious Behavior Data Set Analyzed by Data Mining System LERS (pp. 195–200). JSAI (Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence) International Workshop on Rough Set Theory and Granular Computing, May 20–22, Matsue, Shimane, Japan.

  • Freeman, R.L., Grzymala-Busse, J.W., Riffel, L.A., and Schroeder, S.R. (2001b). Analyzing the Relation Between Heart Rate, Problem Behavior, and Environmental Events Using Data Mining System LERS (pp. 11–16). Fourteenth IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS 2001), July 26–27, at the Natcher Center, Washington, DC.

  • Freeman, R.L., Grzymala-Busse, J.W., Riffel, L.A., and Schroeder, S.R. (2001c). Analysis of self-injurious behavior by the LERS data mining system. In T. Terano, T. Nishida, A. Namatome, S. Tsumoto, Y. Ohsawa, and T. Washio (Eds.). New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, the Joint JSAI 2001Workshop Post-Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2253, Springer-Verlag, 395–399.

  • Freeman, R.L., Horner, R.H., and Reichle, J.E. (1999). The Relation Between Physiological Arousal and Problem Behavior. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 104(4), 330–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottman, J.M. (1981). Time-Series Analysis: A Comprehensive Introduction for Social Scientists. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzymala-Busse, J.W. (1991). Managing Uncertainty in Expert Systems. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzymala-Busse, J.W. (1992). LERS–A System for Learning from Examples Based on Rough Sets. In R. Slowinski (Ed.), Intelligent Decision Support. Handbook of Applications and Advances of the Rough Sets Theory, (pp. 3–18). Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzymala-Busse, J.W. (1997). A New Version of the Rule Induction System LERS. Fundamenta Informaticae, 31, 27–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guess, D. and Carr, E. (1991). Emergence and Maintenance of Stereotypy and Self-Injury. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 96, 335–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J.H., Holyoak K.J., and Nisbett, R.E. (1986). Induction Processes of Inference, Learning, and Discovery. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horner, R.H., Sprague, J.R., O'Brien, M., and Heathfield, L.T. (1990). The Role of Response Efficiency in the Reduction of Problem Behaviors Through Functional Equivalence Training: A Case Study. Journal for the Association for Persons With Severe Handicaps, 15(2), 91–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwata, B.A., Dorsey, M.F., Slifer, K.J., Bauman, K.E., and Richman, G.S. (1982). Toward a Functional Analysis of Self-Injury. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 2, 3–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwata, B.A., Pace, G.M., Dorsey, M.F., Zarcone, J.R., Vollmer, T.R., Smith, R.G., Rodgers, T.A., Lerman, D.C., Shore, B.A., Mazaleski, J.L., Goh, H., Cowdery, G.E., Kalsher, M.J., McCosh, K.C., and Willis, K.D. (1994). The Functions of Self-Injurious Behavior: An Experimental-Epidemiological Analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27, 215–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karsh, K.G., Repp, A.C., and Ludewig, D. (1989). Portable Computer Systems for Observational Research: A Software User's Guide. DeKalb, IL: Communitech.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mace, F.C. and Lalli, J.S. (1991). Linking Descriptive and Experimental Analyses in the Treatment of Bizarre Speech. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 553–562.

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Neill, R.E., Horner, R.H., Albin, R.W., Sprague, J.R., Storey, K., and Newton, J.S. (1997). Functional Assessment and Program Development for Problem Behavior: A Practical Handbook, 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

  • Pawlak, Z. (1982). Rough Sets. International Journal of Computer and Information Sciences, 11, 341–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pawlak, Z. (1991). Rough Sets. Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data. Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reichle, J. and Johnston, S.S. (1993). Replacing Challenging Behavior: The Role of Communication Intervention. Topics in Language Disorders, 13(3), 61–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Repp, A.C. and Karsh, A.C. (1994). Laptop Computer System for Data Recording and Contextual Analyses. In T. Thompson and D.B. Gray (Eds.), Destructive Behavior in Developmental Disabilities: Diagnosis and Treatment (pp. 83–101). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanczyk, R.G., Lockshin, S., and O'Conner, J.O. (1992). Psycho-Physiology and Issues of Anxiety and Arousal. In J.K. Luiselli, J.L. Matson, and N.N. Singh (Eds.), Self-Injurious Behavior: Analysis, Assessment and Treatment (pp. 93–121). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, S.R., Reese, R.M., Hellings, J., Loupe, P., and Tessel, R.E. (1999). The Causes of Self-Injurious Behavior and Their Clinical Implications. In N.A. Wieseler, R.H. Hanson, and G. Siperstein (Eds.), Challenging Behavior of Persons with Mental Health Disorders and Severe Developmental Disabilities (pp. 65–87).Washington, DC: American Association of Mental Retardation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shores, R.E., Wehby, J.H., and Jack, S.L. (1999). Analyzing Behavior Disorders in Classrooms. In A.C. Repp and R.H. Horner (Eds.), Functional Analysis of Problem Behavior: From Effective Assessment to Effective Support. (pp. 219–237). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, T., and Symons, F.J. (1999). Neurobehavioral Mechanisms of Drug Action. In N.A. Wieseler, R.H. Hanson, and G. Siperstein (Eds.), Challenging Behavior of Persons with Mental Health Disorders and Severe Developmental Disabilities (pp. 125–150). Washington, DC: American Association of Mental Retardation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vollmer, T.R., Marcus, B.A., and LeBlanc, L. (1994). Treatment of Self-Injury and Handmouthing Following Inconclusive Functional Analyses. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27, 331–344.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jerzy W. Grzymala-Busse.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Freeman, R.L., Grzymala-Busse, J.W. & Harvey, M. Functional Behavioral Assessment Using the LERS Data Mining System—Strategies for Understanding Complex Physiological and Behavioral Patterns. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems 21, 173–181 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024762516786

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024762516786

Navigation