Abstract
In the context of an optical network GMPLS can be used to provide network robustness to faults through end-to-end path protection techniques. In this paper, we present a dynamic distributed model supporting five different classes of protection, including protection against single and double fault, with and without sharing of backup bandwidth. Beyond link and node failures we also consider protection against shared risk link group (SLRG) failure. In this paper, we briefly describe the protection model and the underlying algorithms for route selection and backup bandwidth sharing. After that we face the following issue: Which subset out of the five possible protection classes is convenient for an operator to support on the same network infrastructure? To answer this question it is fundamental to have a clear view of the trade-offs between the costs and the performances associated to each class. To achieve that we carried out an extensive performance analysis by means of simulations. For each protection class, we evaluated two fundamental performance metrics: the recovery probability under multiple faults, and the average per-demand resource usage. On the basis of such results, we are able to identify some basic guidelines driving the choice of the more convenient subset of protection classes to be implemented within a single network.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. P. Lang, J. Drake, Mesh network resilience using GMPLS, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 90, no. 9, (Sept. 2002), pp. 1559–1564.
J. P. Lang, B. Rajagopalan, Generalized MPLS recovery functional specification, draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-recovery-functional-00.txt, (Jan. 2003), work in progress.
D. Papadimitriou, E. Mannie, Analysis of generalized MPLS-based recovery mechanisms (including protection and restoration), draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-recovery-analysis-00.txt, (Jan. 2003), work in progress.
D. Papadimitriou, E. Mannie, Recovery (protection and restoration) terminology for GMPLS, draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-recovery-terminology-01.txt, (Nov. 2002), work in progress.
K. Kompella, Y. Rekhter, Routing extensions in support of generalized MPLS, draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-routing-5.txt, (Aug. 2002), work in progress.
D. Zhou, S. Subramaniam, Survivability in optical networks, IEEE Network, vol. 14, no. 6, (Nov./Dec. 2000), pp. 16–23.
C. Qiao, D. Xu, Distributed partial information management (DPIM) scheme for survivable networks—Part I, IEEE INFOCOM (New York, NY, USA, April 2002), vol. 1, pp. 302–311.
T. V. Lakshman, M. Kodialam, Dynamic routing of bandwidth guaranteed tunnels with restoration, IEEE INFOCOM (Tel Aviv, Israel, March 2000), vol. 1, pp. 902–911.
G. Li, D. Wang, C. Kalmanek, R. Doverspike, Efficient distributed path selection for shared restoration connections, IEEE INFOCOM (New York, NY, USA, April 2002), vol. 1, pp. 140–149.
E. Boulliet, J. F. labordette, G. Ellinas, R. Ramamurthy, S. Chadhuri, Stochastic approaches to route shared mesh restored lightpaths in optical mesh networks, IEEE INFOCOM (2002).
A. Autenrieth, A. Kirstädter, Engineering end-to-end IP resilience using resilience-differentiated QoS, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 40, no. 1, (Jan. 2002), pp. 50–57.
W. D. Grover, M. Clouqueur, Span-restorable mesh network design to support multiple quality of protection (QoP) service-classes, 1st International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN'02), (Singapore, Nov. 11–14, 2002), pp. 321–323.
F. Ricciato, An architecture for dynamic differentiated end-to-end protection for connection-oriented networks, CoRiTeL internal report (available at ftp://ftp.coritel.it/pub/Publications/DynamicDifferentiatedProtection.pdf).
F. Ricciato, M. Listanti, D. Perla, Performance evaluation of a distributed scheme for protection against single and double faults for MPLS, in Proceedings of 2nd International Workshop on QoS in Multiservice IP Networks (QoS-IP), Milan, (February 2003). Edited by Springer in Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 2601.
M. Clouqueur, W. D. Grover, Dual-failure availability analysis of span-restorable mesh networks, IEEE JSAC Special Issue on Recent Advances in Fundamentals of Network Management, vol. 20, no. 4, (May 2002), pp. 810–821.
M. Clouqueur, W. D. Grover, Mesh-restorable networks with complete dual failure restorability and with selectively enhanced dual-failure restorability concepts, SPIE Opticom 2002, (Boston, MA, USA, July 2002), pp. 7–12.
H. Choi, S. Subramaniam, H. A. Choi, On double-link failure recovery in WDM optical networks, vol. 1, INFOCOM (2002), pp. 808–816.
G. Ellinas, et al., Routing and restoration architectures in mesh optical networks, Optical Networks Magazine, vol. 4, no. 1, (Jan./Feb. 2003), pp. 91–106.
G. Apostolopoulos, R. Guerin, S. Kamat, S. K. Tripathi, Quality of service based routing: A performance perspective, ACM SIGCOMM (1998), Computer Communication Review, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 17–28.
A. Shainkh, J. Rexford, K. G. Shin, Evaluating the overheads of source-directed quality-of-service routing, Int'l Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP), (Austin, TX, USA, October 1998), pp. 42–51.
J. W. Suurballe, R. E. Tarjan, A quick method for finding shortest pairs of disjoint paths. Networks, vol. 14, (1984), pp. 325–336.
Lou Berger (ed.) et al., Generalized MPLS signaling-RSVP-TE extensions, RFC 3473.
R. R. Irashko, W. D. Grover, M. H. MacGregor, Optimal capacity placement for path restoration in STM or ATM mesh-survivable networks, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 6, no. 3, (June 1998), pp. 325–336.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ricciato, F., Listanti, M. & Salsano, S. An Architecture for Differentiated Protection Against Single and Double Faults in GMPLS. Photonic Network Communications 8, 119–132 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PNET.0000031622.85849.bd
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PNET.0000031622.85849.bd