Abstract
In this paper we present a fuzzy approach for image databases. We exploit the concept of NF 2 relational model as a foundation for building image catalogues containing the semantic description of a given image database. New algebraic operators are defined in order to capture the fuzziness related to the semantic descriptors of an image. We compare our model to the First Normal Form annotated relation model, and show that in a number of interesting cases they can be considered equivalent, from the operational point of view, but in general NF 2 relational model is more powerful, and provides a more suitable framework for dealing with uncertainties in image databases.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Cavallo and M. Pittarelli, “The theory of probabilistic databases,” in Proc. of the 13th VLDB, 1987, pp. 71–81.
G.Q. Chen, E.E. Kerre, and J. Vamdenbulcke, “An overview of fuzzy data models,” in Studies in Fuzziness: Fuzzy Sets and Possibility Theory in Data Base Management Systems, P. Bosc and J. Kacprzyk (Eds.), Physica. Verlag, Springer Verlag: Germany 1995, pp. 23–41.
A. Chianese, A. Picariello, and L. Sansone, “Query by examples in image database using a fuzzy knowledge base,” in Proc. SCI 2001, Vol. XVI, 2001, pp. 362–367.
A. Chianese, A. Picariello, L. Sansone, and M.L. Sapino, “A fuzzy algebra for image database,” DIS Technical Report, available at http://cds.unina.it/~picus/techrep02.pdf, 2002.
E.F. Codd, “A relation model for large shared data banks,” Comm. ACM, Vol. 13,No. 6, pp. 159–176, 1970.
D. Dey and S. Sarkar, “A probabilistic relational model and algebra,” ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 21,No. 3, 1996, pp. 339–369.
G. Di Battista and M. Lenzerini, “Deductive entity relationship modelling,” IEEE Trans. Knowledge Data Engineering, Vol. 5, pp. 439–450, 1993.
L.V.S. Lakshmanan, N. Leone, R. Ross, and V.S. Subrahmanian, “ProbView: A flexible probabilistic database system,” ACM Transactions on DataBase Systems, Vol. 22,No. 3, pp. 419–469, 1997.
A. Makinouchi, “A consideration on normal form of not-necessarily normalized relations in the relational data model,” in Proc. 3rd VLDB, 1977, pp. 447–453.
J.M. Medina et al., “GEFRED: A generalized model of fuzzy relational databases,” Information Sciences, pp. 87–109, 1976.
M. Nakata, “Eliminitation of semantic ambiguity in fuzzy relational models,” in Proc. of IEEE ISUMANAFIPS 95, 1995, pp. 643–648.
F.E. Petry, Fuzzy Databases: Principles and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 1996.
K.V.S.V.N. Raju and A.K. Majumdar, “Fuzzy relational dependencies and lossless join decomposition of fuzzy relational database systems,” ACM Trans. Database Syst., Vol. 13,No. 2, pp. 129–166, 1988.
A. Roth, H.F. Korth, and D.S. Batory, “SQL/INF: A query language for non 1-NF relational databases,” Information Systems, Vol. 12, pp. 99–114, 1987.
H.J. Shek and M.H. Scholl, “The relational model with relational-valued attributes,” Information Systems, Vol. 11,No. 2, pp. 137–145, 1986.
V.S. Subrahmanian, Principles of Multimedia Database Systems, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998.
Y. Takahashi, “Fuzzy database query languages and their relational completeness theorem,” IEEE Trans. on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 5,No. 1, pp. 122–125, 1993.
Q. Yang, W. Zhang, C. Liu, J. Wu, C. Yu, H. Nakajima, and N.D. Rishe, “Efficient processing of nested Fuzzy SQL queries in a fuzzy database,” IEEE Trans. on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 13,No. 6, pp. 884–901, 2001.
A. Yazici, B.P. Buckles, and F.E. Petry, “Handling complex and uncertain information in the ExIFO and NF2 data models,” IEEE Trans. on Fuzzy Sustems, Vol. 7,No. 6, pp. 659–676, 1999.
A. Yoshitaka and T. Ichikawa, “A survey on content based retrieval for Multimedia Databases,” IEEE Trans. on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 11,No. 1, pp. 81–93, 1999.
L. Zadeh, “Quantitative fuzzy semantics,” Information Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 159–176, 1971.
C. Zaniolo, S. Ceri, C. Faloutsos, R. Snodgrass, V.S. Subrahmanian, and R. Zicari, Advanced Database Systems, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1997.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chianese, A., Picariello, A., Sansone, L. et al. Managing Uncertainties in Image Databases: A Fuzzy Approach. Multimedia Tools and Applications 23, 237–252 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MTAP.0000031759.22145.5d
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MTAP.0000031759.22145.5d