Abstract
Both diet and physical activity are associated with obesity and chronic diseases such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Early efforts in connecting dietary and physical activity behaviors to generate patterns rarely considered the use of time. In this paper, we propose a distance-based cluster analysis approach to find joint temporal diet and physical activity patterns among U.S. adults ages 20-65. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) generalized to multi-dimensions is combined with commonly used clustering methods to generate unbiased partitioning of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 (NHANES) dataset. The clustering results are evaluated using visualization of the clusters, the Silhouette Index, and the associations between clusters and health status indicators based on multivariate regression models. Our experiments indicate that the integration of diet, physical activity, and time has the potential to discover joint temporal patterns with association to health.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Funding Statement
This material is based on research sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), under agreement number R21CA224764. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of NIH and NCI or the U.S. Government.
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Footnotes
This material is based on research sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), under agreement number R21CA224764. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of NIH and NCI or the U.S. Government.
Funding Statement.
Data Availability
the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey website
https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/ContinuousNhanes/Default.aspx?BeginYear=2003