STAR development and protocol comparison

Type of content
Journal Article
Thesis discipline
Degree name
Publisher
University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Language
Date
2012
Authors
Fisk, L.M.
LeCompte, A.J.
Shaw, Geoff
Penning, S.
Desaive, T.
Chase, Geoff
Abstract

Accurate glycemic control (AGC) is difficult due to excessive hypoglycemia risk. Stochastic TARgeted (STAR) glycemic control forecasts changes in insulin sensitivity to calculate a range of glycemic outcomes for an insulin intervention, creating a risk framework to improve safety and performance. An improved, simplified STAR framework was developed to reduce light hypoglycemia and clinical effort, while improving nutrition rates and performance. Blood glucose (BG) levels are targeted to 80 – 145mg/dL, using insulin and nutrition control for 1-3 hour interventions. Insulin changes are limited to +3U/hour and nutrition to ±30% of goal rate (minimum 30%). All targets and rate change limits are clinically specified and generalizable. Clinically validated virtual trials were run on using clinical data from 371 patients (39,841hours) from the SPRINT cohort. Cohort and per-patient results are compared to clinical SPRINT data, and virtual trials of three published protocols. Performance was measured as time within glycemic bands, and safety by patients with severe (BG<40mg/dL) and mild (%BG<72mg/dL) hypoglycemia. Pilot trial results from the first 10 patients (1,458 hours) are included to support the in-silico findings. In both virtual and clinical trials, mild hypoglycemia was below 1% versus 4% for SPRINT. Severe hypoglycemia was reduced from 14 (SPRINT) to 6 (STAR), and 0 in the pilot trial. AGC was tighter than both SPRINT clinical data and in silico comparison protocols, with 91% BG within the specified target (80–145mg/dL) in virtual trials and 93.4% in pilot trials. Clinical effort (measurements) was reduced from 16.2/day to 12.0/day (13.9/day in pilot trials). This STAR framework provides safe, accurate glycemic control with significant reductions in hypoglycemia and clinical effort due to stochastic forecasting of patient variation – a unique risk-based approach. Initial pilot trials validate the in silico design methods and resulting protocol, all of which can be generalized to suit any given clinical environment.

Description
"(c) 2012 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works."
Citation
Fisk, L.M., LeCompte, A.J., Shaw, G.M., Penning, S., Desaive, T., Chase, J.G. (2012) STAR development and protocol comparison. IEEE Trans on Biomedical Engineering, 59(12), pp. 3357-3364.
Keywords
biomedical computing, clinical trial, forecasting, stochastic approximation
Ngā upoko tukutuku/Māori subject headings
ANZSRC fields of research
Fields of Research::32 - Biomedical and clinical sciences::3202 - Clinical sciences::320208 - Endocrinology
Field of Research::10 - Technology::1004 - Medical Biotechnology::100499 - Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified
Rights