Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and study a new class of additive codes over finite fields, viz. additive quasi-abelian (QA) codes, which is an extension of (linear) quasi-abelian codes over finite fields. We study algebraic structures of these codes and their dual codes with respect to ordinary and Hermitian trace bilinear forms. We further express these codes as direct sums of additive codes over finite fields and derive necessary and sufficient conditions under which an additive QA code is (i) self-orthogonal, (ii) self-dual, and (iii) an additive code with complementary dual (or an ACD code). We also derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a self-dual additive QA code over a finite field. Besides this, we obtain explicit enumeration formulas for all self-orthogonal, self-dual, and ACD additive QA codes over finite fields. We also list several MDS and almost MDS codes belonging to the family of additive QA codes.
References
Borello, M., Güneri, C., Saçıkara, E., and Solé, P., The Concatenated Structure of Quasi-Abelian Codes, Des. Codes Cryptogr., 2022, vol. 90, no. 11, pp. 2647–2661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10623-021-00921-4
Berman, S.D., Semisimple Cyclic and Abelian Codes. II, Kibernetika (Kiev), 1967, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 21–30 [Cybernetics (Engl. Transl.), 1967, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 17–23]. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01119999
Jitman, S. and Ling, S., Quasi-Abelian Codes, Des. Codes Cryptogr., 2015, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 511–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10623-013-9878-4
Ling, S. and Solé, P., On the Algebraic Structure of Quasi-cyclic Codes. I. Finite Fields, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2011, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 2751–2760. https://doi.org/10.1109/18.959257
Wasan, S.K., Quasi Abelian Codes, Publ. Inst. Math. (Beograd) (N.S.), 1977, vol. 21 (35), pp. 201–206. Available at http://elib.mi.sanu.ac.rs/files/journals/publ/41/31.pdf
Palines, H.S., Jitman, S., and dela Cruz, R.B., Hermitian Self-dual Quasi-Abelian Codes, J. Algebra Comb. Discrete Struct. Appl., 2018, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 5–18. http://doi.org/10.13069/jacodesmath.327399
Fan, Y. and Lin, L., Thresholds of Random Quasi-Abelian Codes, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2014, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 82–90. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2014.2368138
Jitman, S., Palines, H.S., and dela Cruz, R.B., On Quasi-Abelian Complementary Dual Codes, Proc. 5th Int. Castle Meeting on Coding Theory and Applications (ICMCTA 2017), Vihula, Estonia, Aug. 28–31, 2017, Barbero, Á.I., Skachek, V., and Ytrehus, Ø., Eds., Lect. Notes Comput. Sci., vol. 10495, Cham: Springer: 2017, pp. 192–206. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66278-7_16
Zhang, G. and Chen, B., Self-orthogonal Quasi-Abelian Codes Are Asymptotically Good, Finite Fields Appl., 2022, vol. 78, p. 101958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ffa.2021.101958
Calderbank, A.R., Rains, E.M., Shor, P.W., and Sloane, N.J.A., Quantum Error Correction via Codes over \(\mathop{\it GF}\nolimits(4)\), IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 1998, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1369–1387. https://doi.org/10.1109/18.681315
Bierbrauer, J. and Edel, Y., Quantum Twisted Codes, J. Combin. Des., 2000, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 174–188. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6610(2000)8:3<174::AID-JCD3>3.0.CO;2-T
Huffman, W.C., On the Theory of \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-Linear \(\mathbb{F}_{q^t}\)-Codes, Adv. Math. Commun., 2013, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 349–378. https://doi.org/10.3934/amc.2013.7.349
Sharma, S. and Sharma, A., Multi-Twisted Additive Codes over Finite Fields, Beitr. Algebra Geom., 2022, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 287–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13366-021-00576-1
Cao, Y., Chang, X., and Cao, Y., Constacyclic \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-Linear Codes over \(\mathbb{F}_{q^{\ell}}\), Appl. Algebra Engrg. Comm. Comput., 2015, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 369–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00200-015-0257-4
Kaur, T. and Sharma, A., Constacyclic Additive Codes over Finite Fields, Discrete Math. Algorithms Appl., 2017, vol. 9, no. 3, p. 1750037 (35 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793830917500379
Sharma, S. and Sharma, A., Multi-Twisted Additive Codes with Complementary Duals over Finite Fields, Probl. Peredachi Inf., 2022, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 36–64 [Probl. Inf. Transm. (Engl. Transl.), 2022, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 32–57]. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032946022010033
Sharma, S. and Sharma, A., Multi-Twisted Additive Codes over Finite Fields Are Asymptotically Good, Cryptogr. Commun., 2023, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 17–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12095-022-00583-6
Sharma, S. and Sharma, A., Multi-Twisted Additive Self-orthogonal and ACD Codes Are Asymptotically Good, Finite Fields Appl., 2024, vol. 93, p. 102319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ffa.2023.102319
Sharma, A. and Kaur, T., On Cyclic \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-Linear \(\mathbb{F}_{q^t}\)-Codes, Int. J. Inf. Coding Theory, 2017, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 19–46. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJICOT.2017.081457
Sharma, A. and Kaur, T., Enumeration of Complementary-Dual Cyclic \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-Linear \(\mathbb{F}_{q^t}\)-Codes, Discrete Math., 2018, vol. 341, no. 4, pp. 965–980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2017.12.006
Bosma, W., Cannon, J., and Playoust, C., The Magma Algebra System, I: The User Language, J. Symbolic Comput., 1997, vol. 24, no. 3–4, pp. 235–265. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsco.1996.0125
Huffman, W.C. and Pless, V., Fundamentals of Error-Correcting Codes, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003.
Huffman, W.C., Additive Cyclic Codes over \(\mathbb{F}_4\), Adv. Math. Commun., 2007, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 427–459. https://doi.org/10.3934/amc.2007.1.427
Huffman, W.C., Additive Cyclic Codes over \(\mathbb{F}_4\) of Even Length, Adv. Math. Commun., 2008, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 309–343. https://doi.org/10.3934/amc.2008.2.309
Huffman, W.C., Cyclic \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-Linear \(\mathbb{F}_{q^t}\)-Codes, Int. J. Inf. Coding Theory, 2010, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 249–284. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJICOT.2010.032543
Lidl, R. and Niederreiter, H., Introduction to Finite Fields and Their Applications, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1986.
Alperin, J.L. and Bell, R.B., Groups and Representations, New York: Springer, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0799-3
Ding, C. and Kohel, D.R., Split Group Codes, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2000, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 485–495. https://doi.org/10.1109/18.825811
Taylor, D.E., The Geometry of the Classical Groups, Berlin: Heldermann, 1992.
Benson, S., Students Ask the Darnedest Things: A Result in Elementary Group Theory, Math. Mag., 1997, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 207–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/0025570X.1997.11996535
Funding
The authors gratefully acknowledge the research support provided by the IHUB-ANUBHUTI-IIITD FOUNDATION, set up under the NM-ICPS scheme of the Department of Science and Technology, India, under the Grant no. IHUB Anubhuti/Project Grant/12.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note. Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
AI tools may have been used in the translation or editing of this article.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sharma, S., Yadav, M. & Sharma, A. On Additive Quasi-abelian Codes over Finite Fields and Their Duality Properties. Probl Inf Transm 60, 155–188 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032946024030025
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032946024030025