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An agent-based approach for dependable planning of production sequences in automated production systems

Ein agentenbasierter Ansatz zur zuverlässigen Planung von Produktionsabläufen in automatisierten Produktionssystemen
  • Sebastian Rehberger

    Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Rehberger (born 1983) was formerly a staff member of the Institute of Automation and Information Systems at the Technical University of Munich and is currently working on his doctoral thesis. His research interests are in the field of agent systems, real-time networked embedded systems and telematics. He works in the field of advance development in the railway industry on topics for new digital solutions, smart data analytics and modern control technology.

    Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Automatisierung und Informationssysteme, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

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    , Lucas Spreiter

    Lucas Spreiter, B.Sc. (born 1992) was formerly a student staff member of the Institute of Automation and Information Systems at the Technical University of Munich and is currently working on his master thesis in the field of agile methods in product development. His research interests are in the field of agent systems, discrete-event simulation and data analytics.

    Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Automatisierung und Informationssysteme, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

    and Birgit Vogel-Heuser

    Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser (born 1961) heads the Institute of Automation and Information Systems at the Technical University of Munich. She is researching the development and systems evolution of distributed intelligent embedded systems in mechatronic products and production plants. At the same time, she is the spokesperson for the Collaborative Research Center SFB 768 “Managing cycles in innovation processes” and is co-initiator and member of the Coordination Board of the DFG Priority Programme 1593 “Design For Future – Managed Software Evolution”.

    Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Automatisierung und Informationssysteme, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

Abstract

One approach to achieve flexibility and dependability for the control of automated production systems (aPS) is agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE). In this paper, the modular decoupling of the supervisory control, most significantly the planning of production sequences and transfer routes, from the distributed real-time control of the plant resources is demonstrated by the use of agents. The resulting product management agent (PMA) represents the technical process of the manufactured product and conducts a discrete reasoning algorithm to derive appropriate production plans by the use of graph-search and also by interaction with the underlying resource agents (RA). It is shown, that for a given production system, dependable solutions are automatically generated in regard to a given product recipe. Further it is deduced, that the solutions are calculated and evaluated by the PMA within a deterministic time duration. This is argued on the fact, that the computation complexity does not exceed polynomial time and is mostly predetermined by the design parameters of the plant. Thus, it gives a reasonable approach for the use in a real-time environment. Additionally, through separation of supervisory and field control, a modular software engineering is achieved, offering the advantage that the PMA and the resource agents can be reused, by solely adapting the knowledge bases and without the need for modifying the planning algorithms after a reconfiguration of the aPS.

Zusammenfassung

Ein Ansatz zur Steigerung der Flexibilität und der Zuverlässigkeit von Steuerungssoftware in automatisierten Produktionssystemen (aPS) ist die agentenorientierte Softwareentwicklung (AOSE). In diesem Beitrag wird die modulare Entkopplung der Betriebsstrategie, maßgeblich der Planung von Produktionsabläufen und -routen, von der Echtzeit-Steuerung der Anlagenressourcen unter Verwendung von Agenten gezeigt. Der sich daraus ergebende Produktmanagement-Agent (PMA) repräsentiert den technischen Prozess des erzeugten Produktes und betreibt ein diskretes Verfahren zur Schlussfolgerung unter Verwendung von Suchalgorithmen und mit Hilfe der Ressourcen-Agenten (RA). Weiterhin wird dargestellt, dass für ein vorgegebenes Produktionssystem zuverlässig und automatisch Lösungen in Abhängigkeit eines Produktionsrezepts bestimmt werden. Hierfür wird hergeleitet, dass diese Lösungen vom PMA innerhalb eines deterministischen Zeitraums bestimmt werden können. Dies ergibt sich aus der Tatsache, dass die Berechnungskomplexität innerhalb polynomialer Rechenzeit bleibt und größtenteils von den Entwurfsparametern der Anlage vorbestimmt ist. Dadurch ergibt sich ein plausibler Ansatz zur Verwendung in einer echtzeitfähigen Umgebung. Zusätzlich wird durch die Trennung von Betriebsstrategie und Feldsteuerung eine modulare Software-Entwicklung erreicht, wodurch die Agenten wiederverwendet werden können und nach Neukonfiguration der Produktionsanlage lediglich die Wissensbasis ohne Adaption der Algorithmen angepasst werden muss.

About the authors

Sebastian Rehberger

Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Rehberger (born 1983) was formerly a staff member of the Institute of Automation and Information Systems at the Technical University of Munich and is currently working on his doctoral thesis. His research interests are in the field of agent systems, real-time networked embedded systems and telematics. He works in the field of advance development in the railway industry on topics for new digital solutions, smart data analytics and modern control technology.

Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Automatisierung und Informationssysteme, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

Lucas Spreiter

Lucas Spreiter, B.Sc. (born 1992) was formerly a student staff member of the Institute of Automation and Information Systems at the Technical University of Munich and is currently working on his master thesis in the field of agile methods in product development. His research interests are in the field of agent systems, discrete-event simulation and data analytics.

Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Automatisierung und Informationssysteme, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

Birgit Vogel-Heuser

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser (born 1961) heads the Institute of Automation and Information Systems at the Technical University of Munich. She is researching the development and systems evolution of distributed intelligent embedded systems in mechatronic products and production plants. At the same time, she is the spokesperson for the Collaborative Research Center SFB 768 “Managing cycles in innovation processes” and is co-initiator and member of the Coordination Board of the DFG Priority Programme 1593 “Design For Future – Managed Software Evolution”.

Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Automatisierung und Informationssysteme, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

Received: 2017-4-9
Accepted: 2017-10-16
Published Online: 2017-11-9
Published in Print: 2017-11-27

©2017 Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

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