Abstract
Concurrent Transmissions (CT) based flooding appears as a highly reliable and low latency mechanism to achieve source-to-sink communication of packets within a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). CT are usually misunderstood, since they are mainly analyzed in the baseband domain. A comprehensive analysis, including the effects of the carrier, demonstrates that they cannot work in simple phase-modulated communication systems due to the beating effect. In contrast, non-coherent frequency receivers offer a very robust behavior. CT applicability in IEEE 802.15.4 is mainly because of two factors: transmissions are usually demodulated as non-coherent MSK (as opposed to coherent OQPSK) and the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), that helps minimizing the error rate.
Zusammenfassung
Flooding, basierend auf parallellaufenden Übertragungen (CT), erscheint als einer der zuverlässigsten Mechanismen, um die Source-to-Sink-Kommunikation von Paketen innerhalb eines Wireless Sensornetzwerks mit gering möglichster Latenz zu erreichen. CT werden oft im Basisbandbereich analysiert. Dies führt dazu, dass die Effekte, welche im Hochfrequenzbereich auftreten, verloren gehen. Wenn diese Effekte bei einer Analyse mit berücksichtigt werden, zeigt sich, dass CT in phasenmodulierten Kommunikationssystemen wegen des Beating Effektes nicht verwendet werden können. Im Gegensatz dazu ermöglicht das robuster Verhalten von nicht-kohärenten Frequenzempfängern eine problemlose Verwendung von CT. Die Anwendbarkeit von ihnen in IEEE 802.15.4 beruht hauptsächlich auf den zwei folgenden Faktoren. 802.15.4 wird in der Regel nicht als kohärentes OQPSK demoduliert, sondern als nicht kohärentes MSK. Weiterhin trägt das Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) zur Minimierung der Fehlerquote bei.
About the author
Antonio Escobar-Molero is an R&D engineer at Infineon Technologies AG and a doctoral candidate at RWTH Aachen University. He holds a M.Eng. in Electronics and a M.Eng. in Telecommunications. His work focuses on dependable IoT wireless networks and blockchain technologies. He has won first place twice in the “EWSN Dependability Competition”, in 2016 and 2018. He believes decentralization technologies are today’s best route toward a fair and robust Internet.
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