Abstract
To simplify the process for identifying 12 types of symmetric variables in Boolean functions, we propose a new symmetry detection algorithm based on minterm expansion or the truth table. First, the order eigenvalue matrix based on a truth table is defined according to the symmetry definition of a logic variable. By analyzing the constraint conditions of the order eigenvalue matrix for 12 types of symmetric variables, an algorithm is proposed for identifying symmetric variables of the Boolean function. This algorithm can be applied to identify the symmetric variables of Boolean functions with or without don’t-care terms. The proposed method avoids the restriction by the number of logic variables of the graphical method, spectral coefficient methods, and AND-XOR expansion coefficient methods, and solves the problem of completeness in the fast compu-tation method. The algorithm has been implemented in C language and tested on MCNC91 benchmarks. The application results show that, compared with the traditional methods, the new algorithm is an optimal detection method in terms of the applicability of the number of logic variables, the Boolean function including don’t-care terms, detection type, and complexity of the identification process.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blais, E., Weinstein, A., Yoshida, Y., 2012. Partially sym-metric functions are efficiently isomorphism-testable. Proc. IEEE 53rd Annual Symp. on Foundation of Com-puter Science, p.551–560. https://doi.org/10.1109/FOCS.2012.53
Boole, G., 1854. Investigation of the Lows of Thought. New York, USA.
Cheng, D.I., Sadowska, M., 1993. Verifying equivalence of functions with unknown input correspondence. IEEE Trans. Comput., 41(6): 81–85. https://doi.org/10.1109/EDAC.1993.386496
Falkowski, B.J., Kannurao, S., 1999. Identification of Boolean symmetries in spectral domain of Reed-Muller transform. Electron. Lett., 35(16): 1315–1316. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19990955
Hurst, S.L., 1977. Detection of symmetries in combinatorial functions by spectral means. IEE J. Electron. Circ. Syst., 1(5): 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1049/ij-ecs:19770026
Hurst, S.L., 1978. The Logic Processing of Digital Systems. Crane-Russak, New York.
Kannurao, S., Falkowski, B., 2002. Identification of comple-ment single variable symmetry in Boolean functions through Walsh transform. Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Circuits and Systems, p.745–748. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.200.101081
Kannurao, S., Falkowski, B., 2003. Single variable symmetry conditions in Boolean functions through Reed-Muller transform. Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Circuits and Sys-tems, p.680–683. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2003.1206200
Kim, B., Dietmeyer, D., 1991. Multilevel logic synthesis of symmetric switching functions. IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des., 10(9): 436–446. https://doi.org/10.1109/43.75627
Lai, Y., Pedram, M., 1992. Boolean matching using binary decision diagrams with application to logic synthesis and verification. IEEE Int. Conf. on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors, p.452–458. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCD.1992.276313
Li, X., Shen, J., 2016. An algorithm for identifying symmetric variables in the canonical Reed–Muller algebra system. J. Circ. Syst. Comput., 25(10): 1650126. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218126616501267
Mishchenko, A., 2003. Fast computation of symmetries in Boolean functions. IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des. In-tegr. Circ. Syst., 22(11): 1588–1593. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCAD.2003.818371
Mukhopadhyay, A., 1963. Detection of total or partial sym-metry of a switching function with the use of decompo-sition charts. IEEE Trans. Electron. Comput., EC(12):553–557. https://doi.org/10.1109/PGEC.1963.263654
Muller, D.E., 1954. Application of Boolean algebra to switching circuit design and error detection. IRE Trans. Electron. Comput., EC(3):6–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/IREPGELC.1954.6499441
Peng, J., Wu, Q., Kan, H., 2011. On symmetric Boolean func-tions with high algebraic immunity on even number of variables. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 157(10): 7205–7220. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2011.2132113
Rahaman, H., Das, D.K., Bhattacharya, B.B., 2002. A new synthesis of symmetric functions. Proc. 7th Asia and South Pacific and 15th Int. Conf. on VLSI Design, p.160–165. https://doi.org/10.1109/ASPDAC.2002.994910
Rahaman, H., Das, D.K., Bhattacharya, B.B., 2003. Mapping symmetric functions to hierarchical modules for path-delay fault testability. Proc. 12th Asian Test Symp., p.284–289. https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2003.1250824
Rahardja, S., Falkowski, B., 1998. Symmetry conditions of Boolean functions in complex Hadamard transform elec-tron. Electron. Lett., 34(17): 1634–1635. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19981164
Reed, I.S., 1954. A class of multiple-error-correcting code and the decoding scheme. IRE Trans. Electron. Comput., EC(4):38–49. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.1954.1057465
Rice, J.E., Muzio, J.C., 2002. Antisymmetries in the realiza-tion of Boolean functions. Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Circuits and Systems, p.69–72. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2002.1010390
Wang, H., Peng, J., 2012. On 2k-variable symmetric Boolean functions with maximum algebraic immunity. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 58(8): 5612–5624. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2012.2201350
Wu, X., Chen, X., Hurst, S.L., 1982. Mapping of Reed-Muller coefficients and the minimisation of exclusive OR-switching functions. IEE Proc. E, 129(1): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-e:19820004
Young, M., Muroga, S., 1985. Symmetric minimal covering problem and minimal PLA’s with symmetric variables. IEEE Trans. Comput., 34(6): 312–318. https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.1985.5009404
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61471314 and 61271124), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. LY13F010001), and the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (Nos. 2013BAH27F01, 2013BAH27F02, and 2013BAH27F03)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Xh., Shen, Jz. An algorithm for identifying symmetric variables based on the order eigenvalue matrix. Frontiers Inf Technol Electronic Eng 18, 1644–1653 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1601052
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1601052