Abstract
As a promising physical layer technique, nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can admit multiple users over the same space-time resource block, and thus improve the spectral efficiency and increase the number of access users. Specifically, NOMA provides a feasible solution to massive Internet of Things (IoT) in 5G and beyond-5G wireless networks over a limited radio spectrum. However, severe co-channel interference and high implementation complexity hinder its application in practical systems. To solve these problems, multiple-antenna techniques have been widely used in NOMA systems by exploiting the benefits of spatial degrees of freedom. This study provides a comprehensive review of various multiple-antenna techniques in NOMA systems, with an emphasis on spatial interference cancellation and complexity reduction. In particular, we provide a detailed investigation on multiple-antenna techniques in two-user, multiuser, massive connectivity, and heterogeneous NOMA systems. Finally, future research directions and challenges are identified.
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Abbreviations
- 5G:
-
Fifth generation
- ADC:
-
Analog-to-digital converter
- AF:
-
Amplify and forward
- B5G:
-
Beyond 5G
- BS:
-
Base station
- CDI:
-
Channel direction information
- CDMA:
-
Code division multiple access
- CE:
-
Channel estimation
- CF:
-
Compute and forward
- CR:
-
Cognitive radio
- CS:
-
Compressive sensing
- CSI:
-
Channel state information
- DF:
-
Decode and forward
- DoF:
-
Degree of freedom
- DPC:
-
Dirty paper coding
- EH:
-
Energy harvesting
- FD:
-
Full duplex
- FDD:
-
Frequency division duplex
- FRAB:
-
Finite resolution analog beamforming
- Gbps:
-
Gigabits per second
- HD:
-
Half duplex
- IoT:
-
Internet of Things
- LOS:
-
Line of sight
- LTE-A:
-
Long-term evolution-advanced
- MF:
-
Matched filtering
- MIMO:
-
Multiple-input multiple-output
- MISO:
-
Multiple-input single-ouput
- MMSE:
-
Minimum mean square error
- mmWave:
-
Millimeter wave
- MUD:
-
Multiuser detection
- NLOS:
-
Non-line of sight
- NOMA:
-
Nonorthogonal multiple access
- OMA:
-
Orthogonal multiple access
- PLS:
-
Physical layer security
- PS:
-
Power splitting
- QoS:
-
Quality of service
- RF:
-
Radio frequency
- SIC:
-
Successive interference cancellation
- SINR:
-
Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
- SNR:
-
Signal-to-noise ratio
- SOCP:
-
Second-order cone programming
- SWIPT:
-
Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer
- TAS:
-
Transmitting antenna selection
- TDD:
-
Time division duplex
- TDMA:
-
Time division multiple access
- TS:
-
Time switching
- UAD:
-
User activity detection
- UE:
-
User equipment
- ZF:
-
Zero forcing
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61871344), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LR20F010002), the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2018ZX03001017-002), and the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFB1801104)
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Fei-yan TIAN and Xiao-ming CHEN declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Dr. Xiao-ming CHEN, corresponding author of this invited review article, received his PhD degree in Communication and Information Systems from Zhejiang University, where he is currently a professor. From January 2015 to June 2016, he was a Humboldt Research Fellow at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany. His research interests include 5G/6G key techniques, IoT theories and techniques, and smart communications. Dr. CHEN was an editor for IEEE Commun Lett, and is now serving as an editor of IEEE Trans Commun, a corresponding expert of Front Inform Technol Electron Eng, and a lead guest editor of the special issue “Massive Access for 5G and Beyond” in IEEE JSAC. He was an exemplary reviewer for IEEE Commun Lett in 2014, and for IEEE Trans Commun from 2015 to 2018. He was a recipient of Best Paper Awards of IEEE/CIC ICCC 2018 and IEEE ICC 2019.
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Tian, Fy., Chen, Xm. Multiple-antenna techniques in nonorthogonal multiple access: a review. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng 20, 1665–1697 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1900405
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1900405